Titanium Biohybrid Middle Ear Prostheses: A Preliminary In Vitro Study

Ossiculoplasty is a surgical operation performed to restore auditory transmission through the reconstruction of the ossicular chain using prosthetics. Tissue bioengineering has assumed a pivotal role in implementing alternatives to conventional ossicular middle ear replacement prostheses, to overcom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of functional biomaterials 2023-11, Vol.14 (12), p.561
Main Authors: Mosconi, Mario, Carlotto, Elena, Caliogna, Laura, Berni, Micaela, Gastaldi, Giulia, Conti, Michele, Brancato, Alice Maria, Bina, Valentina, Minervini, Domenico, Malpede, Stefano, Stellato, Anna Chiara, Lazzerini, Francesco, Bruschini, Luca, Benazzo, Marco, Canzi, Pietro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustic properties
Bioengineering
Bone matrix
bone transplantation
Cbfa-1 protein
Cell differentiation
Cell growth
Cell proliferation
Collagen (type I)
Differentiation (biology)
Ear diseases
Ears & hearing
Extracellular matrix
Gene expression
hearing loss
Immunofluorescence
Mesenchymal stem cells
Middle ear
ossicular replacement prosthesis
Osteoblastogenesis
Osteoblasts
Prostheses
Prosthetics
Scaffolds
Scanning electron microscopy
Stem cells
Surgery
tissue engineering
Titanium
Transcription factors
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Ossiculoplasty is a surgical operation performed to restore auditory transmission through the reconstruction of the ossicular chain using prosthetics. Tissue bioengineering has assumed a pivotal role in implementing alternatives to conventional ossicular middle ear replacement prostheses, to overcome extrusion while preserving acoustic properties. This study aims to explore, for the first time in current literature, the feasibility of a biohybrid middle ear prosthesis, composed of titanium surrounded by a bone extracellular matrix as bio-coating. We have hereby studied the adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC) on titanium scaffolds . Moreover, we identified the osteogenic differentiation of hASC using an immunofluorescence assay to analyze osteoblasts' gene expression profiles (Alp, Runx2, Col1a1, Osx, and Bglap), and we counted the presence of collagen as a marker of hASC's ability to secrete an extracellular matrix. We utilized scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the presence of an extracellular matrix on the scaffolds. Our preliminary data demonstrated the titanium's ability to support human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell colonization, proliferation, and osteoblastic differentiation, in order to obtain a biohybrid device. Our experience seems encouraging; thus, we advocate for further research to corroborate our results regarding bone transplantation.
ISSN:2079-4983
2079-4983
DOI:10.3390/jfb14120561