Microenvironment of tumor-draining lymph nodes: opportunities for liposome-based targeted therapy

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently reported that the total number of global cancer cases in 2013 reached 14 million, a 10% rise since 2008, while the total number of cancer deaths reached 8.2 million, a 5.2% increase since 2008. Metastasis is the major cause of death from cancer, accountin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2014-11, Vol.15 (11), p.20209-20239
Main Authors: Chandrasekaran, Siddarth, King, Michael R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cancer
Humans
Immunotherapy
Lipids
liposomes
Liposomes - chemistry
Lymph Nodes - pathology
Lymphatic system
Metastasis
nanomedicine
Nanoscience
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - pathology
Neoplasms - therapy
Review
Tumor Microenvironment
tumor-draining lymph nodes
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Summary:The World Health Organization (WHO) recently reported that the total number of global cancer cases in 2013 reached 14 million, a 10% rise since 2008, while the total number of cancer deaths reached 8.2 million, a 5.2% increase since 2008. Metastasis is the major cause of death from cancer, accounting for 90% of all cancer related deaths. Tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN), the sentinel nodes, are the first organs of metastasis in several types of cancers. The extent of metastasis in the TDLN is often used in disease staging and prognosis evaluation in cancer patients. Here, we describe the microenvironment of the TDLN and review the recent literature on liposome-based therapies directed to immune cells within the TDLN with the intent to target cancer cells.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms151120209