Effects of polymyxin B on clinical signs, serum TNF-α, haptoglobin and plasma lactate concentrations in experimental endotoxaemia in sheep

• Published in: Journal of veterinary research 2018-03, Vol.62 (1), p.79-85
• Main Authors: Hajimohammadi, Ali, Badiei, Khalil, Kheibari, Parviz, Pourjafar, Meherdad, Chalmeh, Aliasghar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: clinical signs; Haptoglobin; inflammatory biomarkers; Intravenous administration; Lactic acid; lipopolysaccharide; Lipopolysaccharides; Polymyxin B; Sheep; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Tumors
• ISSN: 2450-8608; 2450-7393; 2450-8608
• DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2018-0011

The experiment evaluated the effects of intravenous administration of polymyxin B on experimental endotoxaemia in sheep.Material and Methods Twenty clinically healthy fat-tailed sheep were randomly divided into: a group treated with 6,000 U/kg of polymyxin B, a group at 12,000 U/kg, and positive and negative controls. Endotoxaemia was induced by intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli serotype O55:B5 at 0.5 μg/kg. polymyxin was infused intravenously along with 2.5 L of isotonic intravenous fluids at 20 mL/kg/h. The positive control group received LPS and 2.5 L of isotonic fluids, the negatives receiving just 2.5 L of isotonic fluids. Clinical signs were evaluated before and at 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 24, and 48 h after LPS administration. Blood was also sampled at the denoted hours and serum haptoglobin, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and plasma lactate concentrations were assayed.Results The serum concentration of TNF-α in the positive control group increased significantly up to 48 h after LPS administration. The concentration of TNF-α was significantly different from those of the polymyxin B and positive control groups from 3 to 48 h; also, the concentrations of haptoglobin at different times in the polymyxin groups were lower than those of the positive control group and were significant at hours 3 to 48 (P < 0.05). Following the LPS administration, haptoglobin and TNF-α concentrations changed without significant difference between the two polymyxin B groups.Conclusion Polymyxin B (6,000 U/kg) restrained blood lactate concentrations. Furthermore, it significantly improved the clinical signs in endotoxaemic animals, including rectal temperature and heart and respiratory rates. Polymyxin B may be an antiendotoxic in fat-tailed sheep.