Broadly Reactive SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell Response and Participation of Memory B and T Cells in Patients with Omicron COVID-19 Infection

• Published in: Journal of immunology research 2023-10, Vol.2023, p.1-19
• Main Authors: Yadav, Pragya D., Sahay, Rima R., Salwe, Sukeshani, Trimbake, Diptee, Babar, Prasad, Sapkal, Gajanan N., Deshpande, Gururaj R., Bhise, Kiran, Shete, Anita M., Abraham, Priya, Tripathy, Anuradha S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibodies; Asymptomatic; Blood & organ donations; CD8 antigen; Chemokines; COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccines; Disease transmission; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Epidemiology; Health care; Immune response (cell-mediated); Immunoglobulin G; Immunological memory; Immunology; Infections; Inflammation; Lymphocytes B; Lymphocytes T; Medical research; Memory cells; Mutation; Natural killer cells; Pandemics; Patients; Proteins; Public health; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Vaccination; Viral infections; Viruses; γ-Interferon
• ISSN: 2314-8861; 2314-7156
• DOI: 10.1155/2023/8846953

January 2022 onward, India witnessed a sudden increase in Omicron COVID-19 infections, having a mild course that prompted us to identify the key host factors/immune molecules modulating disease course/outcomes. The current study evaluated the percentages of lymphocyte subsets by flowcytometry, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immune response by ELISPOT, estimation of plasma cytokine/chemokine levels on a Bio-plex Multiplex Immunoassay System and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 19 mild Omicron infected patients, 45 mild SARS-CoV-2 (2020) patients and 36 uninfected controls from India. Natural killer cells, B and memory B cells were high in vaccinated and total Omicron-infected patients groups compared to the mild SARS-CoV-2 (2020) patient group, while CD8+ T cells were high in total Omicron-infected patients group compared to the uninfected control group (p