Cigarette Smoking and Longitudinal Associations With Blood Pressure: The CARDIA Study

Background The associations of chronic cigarette smoking with blood pressure (BP) remain mixed. It is unclear whether a lack of examination of racial differences contributed to the mixed findings in previous studies. Black smokers metabolize nicotine at a slower rate than White smokers and racial di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Heart Association 2021-05, Vol.10 (9), p.e019566
Main Authors: Luehrs, Rachel E, Zhang, Dong, Pierce, Gary L, Jacobs, Jr, David R, Kalhan, Ravi, Whitaker, Kara M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cardiovascular disease
hypertension
Original Research
pulse pressure
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Summary:Background The associations of chronic cigarette smoking with blood pressure (BP) remain mixed. It is unclear whether a lack of examination of racial differences contributed to the mixed findings in previous studies. Black smokers metabolize nicotine at a slower rate than White smokers and racial discrimination contributes to nicotine dependence and higher BP among Black smokers. Methods and Results We studied the association between cigarette smoking and longitudinal (30-year) changes in systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure (PP) in 4786 Black and White individuals from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study using repeated-measures regression models. Neither systolic BP, nor diastolic BP differed between Black consistent smokers compared with Black never smokers, although Black consistent smokers had higher PP than Black never smokers (β=1.01 mm Hg, =0.028). White consistent smokers had similar systolic BP, but lower diastolic BP (β=-2.27 mm Hg,
ISSN:2047-9980
2047-9980
DOI:10.1161/JAHA.120.019566