A coccolithophore concept for constraining the Cenozoic carbon cycle

An urgent question for future climate, in light of increased burning of fossil fuels, is the temperature sensitivity of the climate system to atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO>sub>2). To date, no direct proxy for past levels of pCO2 exists beyond the reach of the polar ice core records. We propo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biogeosciences 2007-01, Vol.4 (3), p.323-329
Main Authors: Henderiks, J., Rickaby, R. E. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astrophysics
ATMOSPHERIC CO2
CALCIDISCUS-LEPTOPORUS
CALCIFICATION
CONSEQUENCES
Continental interfaces, environment
CORAL-REEFS
Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics
DECLINE
DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS
DUPLICATE GENES
Earth Sciences
EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI
EVOLUTION
Marine
Ocean, Atmosphere
Physics
Sciences of the Universe
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Summary:An urgent question for future climate, in light of increased burning of fossil fuels, is the temperature sensitivity of the climate system to atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO>sub>2). To date, no direct proxy for past levels of pCO2 exists beyond the reach of the polar ice core records. We propose a new methodology for placing a constraint on pCO2 over the Cenozoic based on the physiological plasticity of extant coccolithophores. Specifically, our premise is that the contrasting calcification tolerance of various extant species of coccolithophore to raised pCO2 reflects an "evolutionary memory" of past atmospheric composition. The different times of evolution of certain morphospecies allows an upper constraint of past pCO2 to be placed on Cenozoic timeslices. Further, our hypothesis has implications for the response of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification. Geologically "ancient" species, which have survived large changes in ocean chemistry, are likely more resilient to predicted acidification.
ISSN:1726-4189
1726-4170
1726-4189
DOI:10.5194/bg-4-323-2007