Early Leaf Removal Increases Berry and Wine Phenolics in Cabernet Sauvignon Grown in Eastern Serbia

Cluster zone leaf removal is a well-established viticulture practice for improving cluster microclimate and wine quality in cooler climates, while its efficacy in warmer conditions is less is known. Here we compared the effect of early (ELR, after fruit set; diameter of berries 3–5 mm) and late (LLR...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agronomy (Basel) 2021-01, Vol.11 (2), p.238
Main Authors: Stefanovic, Dejan, Nikolic, Nina, Kostic, Ljiljana, Todic, Slavica, Nikolic, Miroslav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anthocyanin
Anthocyanins
Berries
berry skin
canopy management
Chemical composition
Climate
Clusters
Esters
flavanol
Flavanols
Fruit set
Fruits
Glucosides
grape yield
Grapevines
Leaves
Microclimate
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Potassium
Rainfall
Skin
Sugar
Tartaric acid
Viticulture
Wine
wine quality
Wineries & vineyards
Wines
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Summary:Cluster zone leaf removal is a well-established viticulture practice for improving cluster microclimate and wine quality in cooler climates, while its efficacy in warmer conditions is less is known. Here we compared the effect of early (ELR, after fruit set; diameter of berries 3–5 mm) and late (LLR, beginning of veraison) leaf removal on berry composition and wine phenolic profile of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) variety Cabernet Sauvignon grown in a temperate, warmer region of Eastern Serbia. Compared to the control (no leaf removal), both leaf removal treatments increased the sugar content in fresh juice and alcohol concentration in wine. Over three consecutive years (2011–2013) markedly different in temperature and rainfall, ELR was clearly most effective in decreasing weights of cluster and of one berry, and in increasing of skin share in a berry. The content of total phenols, tartaric acid esters, anthocyanins, and flavanols in berry skin and wine was the highest in ELR treatment. ELR prominently modified the phenolic profile: Increasing flavanols, myricetin and quercetine in skin and wine, and anthocyanins, peonidin-3-glucoside in skin and delphinidin-3-glucoside in wine. This work demonstrated that early leaf removal positively influenced the chemical composition of berries and wine of Cabernet Sauvignon and might be recommended for practice in the temperate warm conditions.
ISSN:2073-4395
2073-4395
DOI:10.3390/agronomy11020238