Physiological Responses to Drought, Salinity, and Heat Stress in Plants: A Review

On the world stage, the increase in temperatures due to global warming is already a reality that has become one of the main challenges faced by the scientific community. Since agriculture is highly dependent on climatic conditions, it may suffer a great impact in the short term if no measures are ta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stresses 2022-02, Vol.2 (1), p.113-135
Main Authors: dos Santos, Tiago Benedito, Ribas, Alessandra Ferreira, de Souza, Silvia Graciele Hülse, Budzinski, Ilara Gabriela Frasson, Domingues, Douglas Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Biomass
Climate change
climate extremes
Crops
Cultivars
Drought
expression genes
Genes
Genetically altered foods
Genomics
Metabolites
Morphology
physiological strategies
Physiology
Precipitation
Productivity
Salinity
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Summary:On the world stage, the increase in temperatures due to global warming is already a reality that has become one of the main challenges faced by the scientific community. Since agriculture is highly dependent on climatic conditions, it may suffer a great impact in the short term if no measures are taken to adapt and mitigate the agricultural system. Plant responses to abiotic stresses have been the subject of research by numerous groups worldwide. Initially, these studies were concentrated on model plants, and, later, they expanded their studies in several economically important crops such as rice, corn, soybeans, coffee, and others. However, agronomic evaluations for the launching of cultivars and the classical genetic improvement process focus, above all, on productivity, historically leaving factors such as tolerance to abiotic stresses in the background. Considering the importance of the impact that abiotic stresses can have on agriculture in the short term, new strategies are currently being sought and adopted in breeding programs to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to environmental disturbances in plants of agronomic interest, thus ensuring the world food security. Moreover, integration of these approaches is bringing new insights on breeding. We will discuss how water deficit, high temperatures, and salinity exert effects on plants.
ISSN:2673-7140
2673-7140
DOI:10.3390/stresses2010009