Enlisting the Ixodes scapularis Embryonic ISE6 Cell Line to Investigate the Neuronal Basis of Tick-Pathogen Interactions

Neuropeptides are small signaling molecules expressed in the tick central nervous system, i.e., the synganglion. The neuronal-like embryonic cell line, ISE6, is an effective tool frequently used for examining tick-pathogen interactions. We detected 37 neuropeptide transcripts in the ISE6 cell line u...

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Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2021-01, Vol.10 (1), p.70-15
Main Authors: Mateos-Hernández, Lourdes, Pipová, Natália, Allain, Eléonore, Henry, Céline, Rouxel, Clotilde, Lagrée, Anne-Claire, Haddad, Nadia, Boulouis, Henri-Jean, Valdés, James J, Alberdi, Pilar, de la Fuente, José, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, Šimo, Ladislav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Arachnids
Arthropods
Axons
Biotechnology
Central nervous system
Embryos
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic engineering
Genomes
Genomics
Hybridization
Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry
In vivo methods and tests
Infections
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodes scapularis ISE6 cell line
Life Sciences
Microbiology and Parasitology
Nervous system
Neuropeptides
Organs
Pathogens
Peptides
Peripheral nerves
Proteins
Proteomics
synganglion
Tachykinin
Tachykinin receptors
Transcription
Viral infections
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Summary:Neuropeptides are small signaling molecules expressed in the tick central nervous system, i.e., the synganglion. The neuronal-like embryonic cell line, ISE6, is an effective tool frequently used for examining tick-pathogen interactions. We detected 37 neuropeptide transcripts in the ISE6 cell line using in silico methods, and six of these neuropeptide genes were used for experimental validation. Among these six neuropeptide genes, the tachykinin-related peptide (TRP) of ISE6 cells varied in transcript expression depending on the infection strain of the tick-borne pathogen, . The immunocytochemistry of TRP revealed cytoplasmic expression in a prominent ISE6 cell subpopulation. The presence of TRP was also confirmed in -infected ISE6 cells. The in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of TRP of synganglion revealed expression in distinct neuronal cells. In addition, TRP immunoreaction was detected in axons exiting the synganglion via peripheral nerves as well as in hemal nerve-associated lateral segmental organs. The characterization of a complete neuropeptidome in ISE6 cells may serve as an effective in vitro tool to study how tick-borne pathogens interact with synganglion components that are vital to tick physiology. Therefore, our current study is a potential stepping stone for in vivo experiments to further examine the neuronal basis of tick-pathogen interactions.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens10010070