Joint 1DVar retrievals of tropospheric temperature and water vapor from Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation (GNSS-RO) and microwave radiometer observations

Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation (GNSS-RO) and microwave radiometry (MWR) are two of the most impactful spaceborne remote sensing techniques for numerical weather prediction (NWP). These two techniques provide complementary information about atmospheric temperature and water vapo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atmospheric measurement techniques 2024-01, Vol.17 (2), p.583-599
Main Authors: Wang, Kuo-Nung, Ao, Chi O, Morris, Mary G, Hajj, George A, Kurowski, Marcin J, Turk, Francis J, Moore, Angelyn W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Analysis
Artificial satellites
Atmospheric absorption
Atmospheric temperature
Banded structure
Bending
Bias
Bridges
Brightness temperature
Calculus of variations
Deformation
Frequencies
Global navigation satellite system
Humidity
Large eddy simulation
Large eddy simulations
Lower troposphere
Measurement
Microwave radiometers
Microwave radiometry
Navigation
Navigation satellites
Navigation systems
Navigational satellites
Numerical prediction
Numerical weather forecasting
Occultation
Precipitation
Radiation
Radiative transfer
Radio
Radio occultation
Radiometers
Radiometry
Remote sensing
Remote sensing techniques
Retrieval
Satellite observation
Satellites
Sensing techniques
Sensitivity analysis
Spaceborne remote sensing
Surface radiation temperature
Troposphere
Water vapor
Water vapour
Weather forecasting
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Summary:Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation (GNSS-RO) and microwave radiometry (MWR) are two of the most impactful spaceborne remote sensing techniques for numerical weather prediction (NWP). These two techniques provide complementary information about atmospheric temperature and water vapor structure. GNSS-RO provides high vertical resolution measurements with cloud penetration capability, but the temperature and moisture are coupled in the GNSS-RO retrieval process and their separation requires the use of a priori information or auxiliary observations. On the other hand, the MWR measures brightness temperature (T.sub.b) in numerous frequency bands related to the temperature and water vapor structure but is limited by poor vertical resolution ( 2 km) and precipitation.
ISSN:1867-8548
1867-1381
1867-8548
DOI:10.5194/amt-17-583-2024