Deconvolved Fractional Fourier Domain Beamforming for Linear Frequency Modulation Signals

To estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) hydroacoustic environment by a small aperture array, a novel deconvolved beamforming method based on fractional Fourier domain delay-and-sum beamforming (FrFB) was proposed....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-03, Vol.23 (7), p.3511
Main Authors: Liu, Zhuoran, Tao, Quan, Sun, Wanzhong, Fu, Xiaomei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Apertures
Arrays
Beamforming
deconvolved beamforming
Direction of arrival
direction of arrival estimation
Fourier transforms
fractional Fourier transform
Frequency domain analysis
Frequency modulation
linear frequency modulation signal
Methods
Signal to noise ratio
Spatial distribution
Spatial resolution
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Summary:To estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) hydroacoustic environment by a small aperture array, a novel deconvolved beamforming method based on fractional Fourier domain delay-and-sum beamforming (FrFB) was proposed. Fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) was used to convert the received signal into the fractional Fourier domain, and delay-and-sum beamforming was subsequently performed. Noise resistance was acquired by focusing the energy of the LFM signal distributed in the time-frequency domain. Then, according to the convolution structure of the FrFB complex output, the influence of the fractional Fourier domain complex beam pattern was removed by deconvolution, and the target spatial distribution was restored. Therefore, an improved spatial resolution of DOA estimation was obtained without increasing the array aperture. The simulation and experimental results show that, with a small aperture array at low SNR, the proposed method possesses higher spatial resolution than FrFB and frequency-domain deconvolved conventional beamforming.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s23073511