Silver Nanoparticles Alter Microtubule Arrangement, Dynamics and Stress Phytohormone Levels

The superior properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has resulted in their broad utilization worldwide, but also the risk of irreversible environment infestation. The plant cuticle and cell wall can trap a large part of the nanoparticles and thus protect the internal cell structures, where the cy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-01, Vol.11 (3), p.313
Main Authors: Angelini, Jindřiška, Klassen, Ruslan, Široká, Jitka, Novák, Ondřej, Záruba, Kamil, Siegel, Jakub, Novotná, Zuzana, Valentová, Olga
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledon
Cell division
Cell walls
Cuticles
Cytoskeleton
Growth rate
Metals
microtubular dynamics
microtubular pattern
Microtubules
Mutants
Nanoparticles
Phytohormones
Plant cuticle
Plant growth
Proteins
Seedlings
Silver
silver ion
silver nanoparticles
stress phytohormones
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Summary:The superior properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has resulted in their broad utilization worldwide, but also the risk of irreversible environment infestation. The plant cuticle and cell wall can trap a large part of the nanoparticles and thus protect the internal cell structures, where the cytoskeleton, for example, reacts very quickly to the threat, and defense signaling is subsequently triggered. We therefore used not only wild-type seedlings, but also the mutant, which has a different composition of the cuticle. Both lines had GFP-labeled microtubules (MTs), allowing us to observe their arrangement. To quantify MT dynamics, we developed a new microscopic method based on the FRAP technique. The number and growth rate of MTs decreased significantly after AgNPs, similarly in both lines. However, the layer above the plasma membrane thickened significantly in wild-type plants. The levels of three major stress phytohormone derivatives-jasmonic, abscisic, and salicylic acids-after AgNP (with concomitant Ag ) treatment increased significantly (particularly in mutant plants) and to some extent resembled the plant response after mechanical stress. The profile of phytohormones helped us to estimate the mechanism of response to AgNPs and also to understand the broader physiological context of the observed changes in MT structure and dynamics.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11030313