Current Advancements and Novel Strategies in the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer in the world with a growing incidence in North America. Contemporary treatments for melanoma include surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, apart from resection in early melanoma, the prognosis of patients using these treatments is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Integrative cancer therapies 2021, Vol.20, p.1534735421990078
Main Authors: Sood, Siddhartha, Jayachandiran, Rahul, Pandey, Siyaram
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Cancer vaccines
Chemotherapy
Combined Modality Therapy
Humans
Immunotherapy
Melanoma
Melanoma - drug therapy
Metastases
Metastasis
Patients
Radiation therapy
Review
Skin cancer
Skin Neoplasms - drug therapy
Vaccines
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Summary:Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer in the world with a growing incidence in North America. Contemporary treatments for melanoma include surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, apart from resection in early melanoma, the prognosis of patients using these treatments is typically poor. In the past decade, there have been significant advancements in melanoma therapies. Immunotherapies such as ipilimumab and targeted therapies such as vemurafenib have emerged as a promising option for patients as seen in both scientific and clinical research. Furthermore, combination therapies are starting to be administered in the form of polychemotherapy, polyimmunotherapy, and biochemotherapy, of which some have shown promising outcomes in relative efficacy and safety due to their multiple targets. Alongside these treatments, new research has been conducted into the evidence-based use of natural health products (NHPs) and natural compounds (NCs) on melanoma which may provide a long-term and non-toxic form of complementary therapy. Nevertheless, there is a limited consolidation of the research conducted in emerging melanoma treatments which may be useful for researchers and clinicians. Thus, this review attempts to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of current advancements in metastatic melanoma treatment by surveying new research into the molecular and cellular basis of treatments along with their clinical efficacy. In addition, this review aims to elucidate novel strategies that are currently being used and have the potential to be used in the future.
ISSN:1534-7354
1552-695X
DOI:10.1177/1534735421990078