Potential Use of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Sponges as Payload Carriers Against Malignant Glioma

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with a low median survival of 14 months. The only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for topical delivery of the cancer drug carmustine is Gliadel. However, its use has been associated with several side-effects, mainly provoked by a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-05, Vol.11 (5), p.1244
Main Authors: Salazar, Alelí, Pérez-de la Cruz, Verónica, Muñoz-Sandoval, Emilio, Chavarria, Víctor, García Morales, María de Lourdes, Espinosa-Bonilla, Alejandra, Sotelo, Julio, Jiménez-Anguiano, Anabel, Pineda, Benjamín
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astrocytes
Biocompatibility
Biotechnology
Brain cancer
Brain tumors
Carbon
Carbon nanotubes
carmustine
Cell culture
Chemotherapy
Cytotoxicity
Ethanol
Glioblastoma
Glioma cells
Hydrophobicity
Morphology
Nanomaterials
nanomaterials for delivery
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Nanotubes
Nitrogen
nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube sponges
Penicillin
Radiation therapy
Side effects
Size distribution
Sponges
Surgery
Toxicity
Transmission electron microscopy
Tumors
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Summary:Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with a low median survival of 14 months. The only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for topical delivery of the cancer drug carmustine is Gliadel. However, its use has been associated with several side-effects, mainly provoked by a mass effect. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube sponges (N-CNSs) are a new type of nanomaterial exhibiting high biocompatibility, and they are able to load large amounts of hydrophobic drugs, reducing the amount of carriers. This study evaluated the use of N-CNSs as potential carmustine carriers using malignant glioma cell lines. N-CNSs were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The biocompatibility of N-CNSs was determined in glioma cell lines and in primary astrocytes. Afterward, N-CNSs were loaded with carmustine (1:10 w/w), and the drug and liberation efficiency, as well as cytotoxicity induction, were determined. N-CNSs presented a homogeneous size distribution formed by round nanotubes, without induced cytotoxicity, at concentrations below 40 µg/mL. The N-CNSs loaded with carmustine exhibited a continuous kinetic release of carmustine with a maximum release after 72 h. The cytotoxic effect of N-CNSs loaded with carmustine was similar to that of carmustine alone. The results demonstrated that N-CNSs are a biocompatible nanostructure that could be used as carriers for the tumoral load of large amounts of chemotherapeutic agents.
ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano11051244