Dual Adjuvant-Loaded Peptide Antigen Self-Assembly Potentiates Dendritic Cell-Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy

• Published in: Advanced science 2024-09, Vol.11 (36), p.e2403663-n/a
• Main Authors: Kim, Jaehyun, Kang, Seyoung, Kim, Jisu, Yong, Seok-Beom, Lahiji, Shayan Fakhraei, Kim, Yong-Hee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Adjuvants; Antigen presentation; Apoptosis; Breast cancer; Cancer therapies; Cancer vaccines; Cytokines; Cytotoxicity; dendritic cell immunotherapy; Dendritic cells; Efficiency; immune checkpoint blockade; Immune system; Immunotherapy; Kinases; Lipids; Lymphatic system; Lymphocytes; Melanoma; Peptides; self‐assembly; therapeutic cancer vaccine; tumor‐associated antigen
• ISSN: 2198-3844; 2198-3844
• DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403663

Clinical translation of current cancer vaccine research has been hampered by limited antitumor immune responses due to inefficient antigen delivery and presentation, suboptimal DC and T cell activation. Biomaterial-based nanovaccine offers targeted antigen delivery, protection from degradation in vivo, and prolonged tumor therapeutic efficacy. This study introduces a lipid-coated deoxycholic acid-survivin nanoassembly (DA-L-DSA). Survivin, overexpressed in several cancer cells and involved in cancer cell growth and immune evasion, is selected as a tumor-associated antigen. An major histocompatibility complex class I binding epitope of survivin is engineered into the nanoassembly. R848, TLR 7/8 agonist, and SD-208, TGF-beta receptor1 kinase inhibitor, are coencapsulated into the nanoassembly as potent adjuvants to boost DC maturation and enhance antigen presentation. The DA-L-DSA effectively stimulates the maturation of dendritic cells, migrates into lymph nodes, and enhances T-cell activation and Th1 response. A substantial influx of cytotoxic T lymphocytes into primary tumors is observed in a murine melanoma model and demonstrates anti-metastatic effects in a spontaneous breast cancer metastasis model. Furthermore, DA-L-DSA exhibits a remarkable synergistic effect in the combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors alleviating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Taken together, these findings suggest DA-L-DSA as a promising immuno-therapeutic platform that could be applicable to diverse intractable cancers.