Resistance detection of blackjack to ALS inhibitors by in vitro plant growth method

• Published in: Advances in Weed Science 2020-01, Vol.38
• Main Authors: Tessaro, Daniela, Benneman, Daiane, T. Perboni, Lais, R. Garcia, Jéssica, M. Teixeira, Marlon, Agostinetto, Dirceu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acetolactate synthase; Agricultural production; Agronomy; Bidens Pilosa; Biotypes; Crop development; Crops; Cultivation; Culture media; Decision making; Experiments; Explants; Global positioning systems; GPS; Herbicide resistance; Herbicides; In vitro methods and tests; Laboratories; Methods; Plant growth; PLANT SCIENCES; Regeneration; resistance test; Seeds; weed; Weeds
• ISSN: 0100-8358; 1806-9681; 1806-9681; 2675-9462
• DOI: 10.1590/s0100-83582020380100065

The in vitro culture method allows the detection of blackjack biotypes resistant. 1 Introduction Weeds, present in agricultural systems, interfere with the development of crops, causing great economic damage if not controlled at the right time. With the in vitro plant growth method, there is greater practicality and quickness in verifying the resistance of biotypes, results can be obtained in up to ten days, in contrast to traditional greenhouse methods, where, if the observation of the field leak is considered, obtaining the seed of the suspect biotype the results can reach to150 days. The objectives of this study were: to detect blackjack biotypes resistant and susceptible to ALS in the Planalto region (RS); determine the best culture medium for the in vitro regeneration of blackjack; determine the concentration of the imazethapyr herbicide necessary for 95% control of the susceptible biotype population; evaluate the growth of resistant and susceptible explants subjected to different concentrations of imazethapyr herbicide; and determining the concentration of imazethapyr herbicide added to the medium in which it is possible to distinguish susceptible from resistant plants. 2 Material and Methods Three experiments were carried out to obtain the herbicide concentration necessary for the blackjack resistance test in in vitro cultivation: the first consisted of collecting seeds and selecting the resistant and susceptible biotypes to be used in the test; the second consisted in the selection of the culture medium for the in vitro regeneration of blackjack; and the third consisted of dose-response curves tests of susceptible and resistant blackjack biotypes to imazethapyr herbicide in in vitro cultivation. 2.1 Blackjack biotypes selection susceptible and resistant to ALS Seeds of blackjack plants that survived the applications of ALS-inhibiting herbicides were collected from crops in the Northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In the second test, the amplitude of the concentrations was reduced according to the results observed in the susceptible biotype curve, described above. [...]an exponential scale curve was constructed, in the following concentrations: