Defense Mechanisms against Viral Infection in Drosophila : RNAi and Non-RNAi

RNAi is considered a major antiviral defense mechanism in insects, but its relative importance as compared to other antiviral pathways has not been evaluated comprehensively. Here, it is attempted to give an overview of the antiviral defense mechanisms in that involve both RNAi and non-RNAi. While R...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2018-05, Vol.10 (5), p.230
Main Authors: Swevers, Luc, Liu, Jisheng, Smagghe, Guy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
antiviral
Beneficial arthropods
Defense mechanisms
defense systems
Disease resistance
Drosophila
Drosophila melanogaster - genetics
Drosophila melanogaster - immunology
Drosophila melanogaster - virology
Immunity, Innate
Infections
insect
insect pest control
Insects
non-RNAi
Pests
Review
RNA Interference
RNA, Double-Stranded
RNA-mediated interference
RNAi
Vectors
Viral infections
Virus Diseases - immunology
Virus Replication
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Summary:RNAi is considered a major antiviral defense mechanism in insects, but its relative importance as compared to other antiviral pathways has not been evaluated comprehensively. Here, it is attempted to give an overview of the antiviral defense mechanisms in that involve both RNAi and non-RNAi. While RNAi is considered important in most viral infections, many other pathways can exist that confer antiviral resistance. It is noted that very few direct recognition mechanisms of virus infections have been identified in and that the activation of immune pathways may be accomplished indirectly through cell damage incurred by viral replication. In several cases, protection against viral infection can be obtained in RNAi mutants by non-RNAi mechanisms, confirming the variability of the RNAi defense mechanism according to the type of infection and the physiological status of the host. This analysis is aimed at more systematically investigating the relative contribution of RNAi in the antiviral response and more specifically, to ask whether RNAi efficiency is affected when other defense mechanisms predominate. While can function as a useful model, this issue may be more critical for economically important insects that are either controlled (agricultural pests and vectors of diseases) or protected from parasite infection (beneficial insects as bees) by RNAi products.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v10050230