A Metabolic Signature to Monitor Endothelial Cell Differentiation, Activation, and Vascular Organization

The formation of new blood vessels is an important step in the morphogenesis and organization of tissues and organs; hence, the success of regenerative medicine procedures is highly dependent on angiogenesis control. Despite the biotechnological advances, tissue engineering is still a challenge. Reg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicines 2022-09, Vol.10 (9), p.2293
Main Authors: Lopes-Coelho, Filipa, Martins, Filipa, Hipólito, Ana, Conde, Sílvia V., Pereira, Sofia A., Gonçalves, Luís G., Serpa, Jacinta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetates
Acetic acid
Angiogenesis
Antioxidants
Autografts
Biomarkers
Blood vessels
Cell activation
Cell culture
Cell differentiation
Cell proliferation
differentiation
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Graft rejection
Hypoxia
Injuries
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
metabolic profile
metabolic signature
Metabolism
Monocytes
Morphogenesis
Neovascularization
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Oxidative stress
Pharmaceutical industry
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Regenerative medicine
Spectrum analysis
sprouting
Tissue engineering
Transplantation
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:The formation of new blood vessels is an important step in the morphogenesis and organization of tissues and organs; hence, the success of regenerative medicine procedures is highly dependent on angiogenesis control. Despite the biotechnological advances, tissue engineering is still a challenge. Regarding vascular network formation, the regulators are well known, yet the identification of markers is pivotal in order to improve the monitoring of the differentiation and proliferation of endothelial cells, as well as the establishment of a vascular network supporting tissue viability for an efficacious implantation. The metabolic profile accompanies the physiological stages of cells involved in angiogenesis, being a fruitful hub of biomarkers, whose levels can be easily retrieved. Through NMR spectroscopy, we identified branched amino acids, acetate, and formate as central biomarkers of monocyte-to-endothelial-cell differentiation and endothelial cell proliferation. This study reinforces the successful differentiation process of monocytes into endothelial cells, allowing self-to-self transplantation of patient-derived vascular networks, which is an important step in tissue engineering, since monocytes are easily isolated and autologous transplantation reduces the immune rejection events.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10092293