Machine Learning Approaches for Skin Cancer Classification from Dermoscopic Images: A Systematic Review

Skin cancer (SC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Clinical evaluation of skin lesions is necessary to assess the characteristics of the disease; however, it is limited by long timelines and variety in interpretation. As early and accurate diagnosis of SC is crucial to increase patient...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Algorithms 2022-11, Vol.15 (11), p.438
Main Authors: Grignaffini, Flavia, Barbuto, Francesco, Piazzo, Lorenzo, Troiano, Maurizio, Simeoni, Patrizio, Mangini, Fabio, Pellacani, Giovanni, Cantisani, Carmen, Frezza, Fabrizio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Analysis
artificial intelligence
Artificial neural networks
Cancer
Cell growth
Classification
computer-aided diagnostics
Datasets
Deep learning
Dermatology
Diagnosis
Hair
Image classification
Lesions
Literature reviews
Machine learning
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Melanoma
melanoma classification
Mortality
Neural networks
Partial differential equations
Skin cancer
skin lesion classification
Symmetry
Systematic review
Tumors
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Summary:Skin cancer (SC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Clinical evaluation of skin lesions is necessary to assess the characteristics of the disease; however, it is limited by long timelines and variety in interpretation. As early and accurate diagnosis of SC is crucial to increase patient survival rates, machine-learning (ML) and deep-learning (DL) approaches have been developed to overcome these issues and support dermatologists. We present a systematic literature review of recent research on the use of machine learning to classify skin lesions with the aim of providing a solid starting point for researchers beginning to work in this area. A search was conducted in several electronic databases by applying inclusion/exclusion filters and for this review, only those documents that clearly and completely described the procedures performed and reported the results obtained were selected. Sixty-eight articles were selected, of which the majority use DL approaches, in particular convolutional neural networks (CNN), while a smaller portion rely on ML techniques or hybrid ML/DL approaches for skin cancer detection and classification. Many ML and DL methods show high performance as classifiers of skin lesions. The promising results obtained to date bode well for the not-too-distant inclusion of these techniques in clinical practice.
ISSN:1999-4893
1999-4893
DOI:10.3390/a15110438