Metabolic and Biosynthetic Diversity in Marine Myxobacteria

Prior to 2005, the vast majority of characterized myxobacteria were obtained from terrestrial habitats. Since then, several species of halotolerant and even obligate marine myxobacteria have been described. Chemical analyses of extracts from these organisms have confirmed their ability to produce se...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2018-09, Vol.16 (9), p.314
Main Authors: Gemperlein, Katja, Zaburannyi, Nestor, Garcia, Ronald, La Clair, James J, Müller, Rolf
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aquatic Organisms - metabolism
Biodiversity
Biological Products - isolation & purification
Biological Products - metabolism
Biological Products - pharmacology
biosynthesis
Biosynthetic Pathways - genetics
Chemical analysis
Computer Simulation
diversity
Evaluation
Expeditions
Gene sequencing
Genome, Bacterial - genetics
Genomes
genomics
Marine invertebrates
marine myxobacteria
Metabolism
Metabolites
Multiship expeditions
Myxococcales - genetics
Myxococcales - metabolism
Natural products
New genera
New genus
Organic chemistry
Phylogeny
Porifera - microbiology
Review
Rubber
Salinity tolerance
Scaffolds
secondary metabolism
Secondary metabolites
Soil
Soil Microbiology
Symbionts
Symbiosis
Terrestrial environments
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Summary:Prior to 2005, the vast majority of characterized myxobacteria were obtained from terrestrial habitats. Since then, several species of halotolerant and even obligate marine myxobacteria have been described. Chemical analyses of extracts from these organisms have confirmed their ability to produce secondary metabolites with unique chemical scaffolds. Indeed, new genera of marine-derived myxobacteria, particularly , have been shown to produce novel chemical scaffolds that differ from those observed in soil myxobacteria. Further studies have shown that marine sponges and terrestrial myxobacteria are capable of producing similar or even identical secondary metabolites, suggesting that myxobacterial symbionts may have been the true producers. Recent in silico analysis of the genome sequences available from six marine myxobacteria disclosed a remarkably versatile biosynthetic potential. With access to ever-advancing tools for small molecule and genetic evaluation, these studies suggest a bright future for expeditions into this yet untapped resource for secondary metabolites.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md16090314