Self-induced mechanical stress can trigger biofilm formation in uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Bacterial biofilms represent an important medical problem; however, the mechanisms of the onset of biofilm formation are poorly understood. Here, using new controlled methods allowing high-throughput and reproducible biofilm growth, we show that biofilm formation is linked to self-imposed mechanical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2018-10, Vol.9 (1), p.4087-10, Article 4087
Main Authors: Chu, Eric K., Kilic, Onur, Cho, Hojung, Groisman, Alex, Levchenko, Andre
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
13/62
14/19
14/63
631/1647/277
631/326/46
631/553/2695
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteria
Bacterial proteins
Biofilms
Biofilms - growth & development
Biological stress
Cell Proliferation
Colonies
Control methods
Control theory
Cytosol
Drug Tolerance
E coli
Environmental stress
Escherichia coli
Feedback
Feedback loops
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hydrogels
multidisciplinary
Physical stress
Pressure
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stress (physiology)
Stress, Mechanical
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli - physiology
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Summary:Bacterial biofilms represent an important medical problem; however, the mechanisms of the onset of biofilm formation are poorly understood. Here, using new controlled methods allowing high-throughput and reproducible biofilm growth, we show that biofilm formation is linked to self-imposed mechanical stress. In growing uropathogenic Escherichia coli colonies, we report that mechanical stress can initially emerge from the physical stress accompanying colony confinement within micro-cavities or hydrogel environments reminiscent of the cytosol of host cells. Biofilm formation can then be enhanced by a nutrient access-modulated feedback loop, in which biofilm matrix deposition can be particularly high in areas of increased mechanical and biological stress, with the deposited matrix further enhancing the stress levels. This feedback regulation can lead to adaptive and diverse biofilm formation guided by the environmental stresses. Our results suggest previously unappreciated mechanisms of the onset and progression of biofilm growth. Bacterial biofilms are an increasingly important medical problem but the mechanisms by which they develop remain largely unknown. Here, using a high-throughput approach, the authors show that biofilm formation is linked to self-imposed mechanical stress.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-06552-z