Field and laboratory perspectives on fentanyl and carfentanil decontamination

Abuse of the highly toxic compound fentanyl and its analogues is increasing, raising serious public health concerns due to their potency and availability. Therefore, there is a need for decontamination methodologies to safely remove fentanyl to avoid harmful exposure. In this study, the efficacy of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2024-10, Vol.14 (1), p.25381-15, Article 25381
Main Authors: Lindén, Pernilla, Mörén, Lina, Qvarnström, Johanna, Forsgren, Nina, Engdahl, Cecilia Springer, Engqvist, Magnus, Henych, Jiri, Tengel, Tobias, Österlund, Lars, Thors, Lina, Larsson, Andreas, Johansson, Susanne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacology
Decontamination
Decontamination - methods
Degradation products
Drug abuse
Fentanyl
Fentanyl - analogs & derivatives
Fentanyl - pharmacology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Microsomes
Microsomes, Liver - metabolism
multidisciplinary
N-Oxides
Opioid receptors
Public health
Receptors, Opioid, mu - metabolism
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Titanium dioxide
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Summary:Abuse of the highly toxic compound fentanyl and its analogues is increasing, raising serious public health concerns due to their potency and availability. Therefore, there is a need for decontamination methodologies to safely remove fentanyl to avoid harmful exposure. In this study, the efficacy of commercial and in-house synthesized decontamination agents (Dahlgren Decon, RSDL (Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion), FAST-ACT (First applied sorbent treatment against chemical threats), GDS2000, alldecont MED, bleach, Domestos Spray Bleach, Effekt Klor, MgO, TiO 2 -nanodiamond, and CeO 2 ) were evaluated for the degradation of fentanyl and carfentanil under controlled laboratory conditions and on wooden floor surfaces. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis showed that oxidative decontamination agents were the most effective, with N-oxides identified as major degradation products. The physiological effects of these N-oxides were also investigated regarding their ability to activate the µ-opioid receptor and their metabolism in human liver microsomes. The results provide empirical evidence that complements prior research findings on the degradation of fentanyl and carfentanil using a variety of decontamination agents.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-74594-z