Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes with juvenile myopia: A cross-sectional study based on the NHANES database

• Published in: Frontiers in pediatrics 2023-04, Vol.11, p.1122773-1122773
• Main Authors: Zhou, Zixiu, Li, Sizhen, Yang, Qingsong, Yang, Xiaodong, Liu, Yating, Hao, Kuanxiao, Xu, Shanshan, Zhao, Na, Zheng, Pengjie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: cross-sectional study; juvenile; myopia; n-3 PUFA; NHANES; Pediatrics
• ISSN: 2296-2360; 2296-2360
• DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1122773

Inflammation is involved in the development of myopia. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have vasodilating and anti-inflammatory effects, which may be involved in controlling myopia. It is of great significance to explore the relationship between n-3 PUFA intakes and juvenile myopia in order to control and alleviate myopia among teenagers through dietary intervention. Sociodemographic data, information of nutrient intakes, cotinine, PUFAs, and eye refractive status of 1,128 juveniles were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in this cross-sectional study. PUFAs contained total polyunsaturated fatty acid (TPFAs), alpha-linolenic acid, octadecatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Covariates were screened by comparison among groups of normal vision, low myopia, and high myopia. The association between n-3 PUFA intakes and the risk of juvenile myopia was evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among the juveniles, 788 (70.68%) had normal vision, 299 (25.80%) had low myopia, and 41 (3.52%) had high myopia. There were significant differences in average EPA and DHA intakes among the three groups, and mean DPA and DHA intakes in the normal vision group were lower than those in the low myopia group (