The Glycosylation of Immune Checkpoints and Their Applications in Oncology

Tumor therapies have entered the immunotherapy era. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved tremendous success, with some patients achieving long-term tumor control. Tumors, on the other hand, can still accomplish immune evasion, which is aided by immune checkpoints. The majority of immune checkp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-11, Vol.15 (12), p.1451
Main Authors: Zheng, Linlin, Yang, Qi, Li, Feifei, Zhu, Min, Yang, Haochi, Tan, Tian, Wu, Binghuo, Liu, Mingxin, Xu, Chuan, Yin, Jun, Cao, Chenhui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Antigens
Cancer
cancer therapy
Cell growth
Forecasts and trends
Glycoproteins
GlycoRNA
Glycosylation
Health aspects
immune checkpoints
Immunotherapy
Kinases
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Metastasis
Phosphorylation
post-translational modifications
Proteins
Review
T cell receptors
Transcription factors
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
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Summary:Tumor therapies have entered the immunotherapy era. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved tremendous success, with some patients achieving long-term tumor control. Tumors, on the other hand, can still accomplish immune evasion, which is aided by immune checkpoints. The majority of immune checkpoints are membrane glycoproteins, and abnormal tumor glycosylation may alter how the immune system perceives tumors, affecting the body's anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, RNA can also be glycosylated, and GlycoRNA is important to the immune system. Glycosylation has emerged as a new hallmark of tumors, with glycosylation being considered a potential therapeutic approach. The glycosylation modification of immune checkpoints and the most recent advances in glycosylation-targeted immunotherapy are discussed in this review.
ISSN:1424-8247
1424-8247
DOI:10.3390/ph15121451