Nutrient removal and recovery from wastewater by microbial fuel cell-based systems – A review

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green innovative technology that can be employed for nutrient removal/recovery as well as for energy production from wastewater. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the use of MFCs for nutrient removal/recovery. Different configurations of MFCs used for nutrie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2022-07, Vol.86 (1), p.29-55
Main Authors: Baby, Merin Grace, Ahammed, M. Mansoor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Agricultural production
Algae
Ammonia
Ammonium
Ammonium compounds
Ammonium salts
Aquatic microorganisms
Biochemical fuel cells
biological assimilation
Biological uptake
Biological wastewater treatment
Chemical precipitation
Denitrification
Electricity
electricity generation
Energy resources
Food
Fuel cells
Fuel technology
Heavy metals
Microalgae
microbial fuel cell
Microorganisms
Nitrification
Nitrogen
Nutrient removal
nutrient removal/recovery
Nutrients
Phosphorus
Phytoplankton
Precipitation
Recovery
Removal
Renewable resources
Salts
Sludge
Struvite
Waste recovery
Wastewater
Water treatment
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Summary:Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green innovative technology that can be employed for nutrient removal/recovery as well as for energy production from wastewater. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the use of MFCs for nutrient removal/recovery. Different configurations of MFCs used for nutrient removal are first described. Different types of nutrient removal/recovery mechanisms such as precipitation, biological uptake by microalgae, nitrification, denitrification and ammonia stripping occurring in MFCs are discussed. Recovery of nutrients as struvite or cattiite by precipitation, as microalgal biomass and as ammonium salts are common. This review shows that while higher nutrient removal/recovery is possible with MFCs and their modifications compared to other techniques as indicated by many laboratory studies, field-scale studies and optimization of operational parameters are needed to develop efficient MFCs for nutrient removal and recovery and electricity generation from different types of wastewaters.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2022.196