Characteristics and clinical treatment outcomes of chronic hepatitis B children with coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg

The coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) represents an uncommon serological pattern observed in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and its underlying mechanism and clinical significance have not been well established. The aim of th...

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Published in:BMC medicine 2024-02, Vol.22 (1), p.77-11, Article 77
Main Authors: Gu, Yingping, Li, Shuangjie, Yao, Zhenzhen, Lai, Xin, Yang, Meng, Xu, Yi, Peng, Songxu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
Antiviral agents
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Care and treatment
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Chronic hepatitis B
Clinical outcomes
Coexistence
Diagnosis
Dosage and administration
Genotype & phenotype
HBsAb
Health aspects
Health services
Hepatitis
Hepatitis associated antigen
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Antibodies - therapeutic use
Hepatitis B e antigen
Hepatitis B e Antigens - therapeutic use
Hepatitis B surface antigen
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - therapeutic use
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B, Chronic - drug therapy
Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology
Humans
Infections
Inflammation
Liver cancer
Patients
Public health
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk factors
Serology
Statistical analysis
Testing
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:The coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) represents an uncommon serological pattern observed in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and its underlying mechanism and clinical significance have not been well established. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between this serological profile and clinical treatment outcomes in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This retrospective cohort study included 372 treatment-naïve CHB children from the Hunan Children's Hospital. The participants were categorized into HBsAb-positive group and HBsAb-negative group. The associations between HBsAb positive status to clinical outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve was conducted to evaluate the prediction ability in HBsAg loss. The coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb accounted for 23.39% (87/372) of the participants. The crude incidence rates of HBsAg loss, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) clearance, and HBV-DNA undetectability were higher in the HBsAb-positive group compared with the HBsAb-negative group (37.46 vs. 17.37, 49.51 vs. 28.66, 92.11 vs. 66.54 per 100 person-years, respectively, all P 
ISSN:1741-7015
1741-7015
DOI:10.1186/s12916-024-03294-2