COVID-19 and Diabetes: Understanding the Interrelationship and Risks for a Severe Course

The relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus is complicated and bidirectional. On the one hand, diabetes mellitus is considered one of the most important risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19. Several factors that are often present in diabetes mellitus are likely to contribute to t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) 2021-06, Vol.12, p.649525
Main Authors: Landstra, Cyril P, de Koning, Eelco J P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
coronavirus
COVID-19
COVID-19 - diagnosis
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - etiology
COVID-19 - pathology
diabetes
Diabetes Complications - diagnosis
Diabetes Complications - epidemiology
Diabetes Complications - pathology
Diabetes Mellitus - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus - pathology
Diabetes Mellitus - virology
Disease Progression
Endocrinology
Humans
mortality
Pandemics
Prognosis
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - physiology
severity
Severity of Illness Index
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Summary:The relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus is complicated and bidirectional. On the one hand, diabetes mellitus is considered one of the most important risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19. Several factors that are often present in diabetes mellitus are likely to contribute to this risk, such as older age, a proinflammatory and hypercoagulable state, hyperglycemia and underlying comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and obesity). On the other hand, a severe COVID-19 infection, and its treatment with steroids, can have a specific negative impact on diabetes itself, leading to worsening of hyperglycemia through increased insulin resistance and reduced β-cell secretory function. Worsening hyperglycemia can, in turn, adversely affect the course of COVID-19. Although more knowledge gradually surfaces as the pandemic progresses, challenges in understanding the interrelationship between COVID-19 and diabetes remain.
ISSN:1664-2392
1664-2392
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2021.649525