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Cannabis Use and Age‐Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men
ABSTRACT Introduction Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short‐term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited numbe...
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| Published in: | Brain and behavior 2024-11, Vol.14 (11), p.e70136-n/a |
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| creator | Høeg, Kirstine Maarup Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck Grønkjær, Marie Osler, Merete Mortensen, Erik Lykke Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann |
| description | ABSTRACT
Introduction
Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short‐term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited number of studies have explored the association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife.
Methods
The study population consisted of 5162 men who had participated in Danish follow‐up studies on cognitive aging. These studies included scores on the military intelligence test Børge Prien's Prøve from both the conscription assessment (mean age = 20 years; p1 and p99: 18 and 26 years) and from the follow‐up (mean age = 64 years; p1 and p99: 55 and 72 years) as well as extensive data on lifestyle and health from the follow‐up questionnaires. The association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline was investigated in linear regression models.
Results
Men with a history of cannabis use had less cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife compared to men without a history of cannabis use. Among cannabis users, neither age of initiation of cannabis use nor frequent use was significantly associated with a greater age‐related cognitive decline.
Discussion and Conclusions
In a sample of more than 5000 men followed for a mean of 44 years, we found no significant harmful effects of cannabis use on age‐related cognitive decline. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/brb3.70136 |
| format | article |
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Introduction
Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short‐term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited number of studies have explored the association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife.
Methods
The study population consisted of 5162 men who had participated in Danish follow‐up studies on cognitive aging. These studies included scores on the military intelligence test Børge Prien's Prøve from both the conscription assessment (mean age = 20 years; p1 and p99: 18 and 26 years) and from the follow‐up (mean age = 64 years; p1 and p99: 55 and 72 years) as well as extensive data on lifestyle and health from the follow‐up questionnaires. The association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline was investigated in linear regression models.
Results
Men with a history of cannabis use had less cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife compared to men without a history of cannabis use. Among cannabis users, neither age of initiation of cannabis use nor frequent use was significantly associated with a greater age‐related cognitive decline.
Discussion and Conclusions
In a sample of more than 5000 men followed for a mean of 44 years, we found no significant harmful effects of cannabis use on age‐related cognitive decline.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2162-3279</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2162-3279</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70136</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39508467</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aging - physiology ; cannabis ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition - drug effects ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive Aging - physiology ; cognitive decline ; Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology ; cognitive function ; cohort study ; Denmark - epidemiology ; Drugs ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intelligence tests ; Longitudinal studies ; Male ; Marijuana ; Marijuana Use - adverse effects ; Marijuana Use - epidemiology ; Middle age ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Original ; Public health ; Young Adult ; Young adults</subject><ispartof>Brain and behavior, 2024-11, Vol.14 (11), p.e70136-n/a</ispartof><rights>2024 The Author(s). published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2024 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the "License"). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4046-27e05c62fe59b9f6759c0a5e15f9b615d16db2f2e462e028642c8124976c5edf3</cites><orcidid>0009-0009-2358-2908 ; 0000-0001-9729-708X ; 0000-0002-6921-220X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133656415/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133656415?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,11541,25731,27901,27902,36989,36990,44566,46027,46451,53766,53768,74869</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39508467$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Høeg, Kirstine Maarup</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grønkjær, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osler, Merete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortensen, Erik Lykke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann</creatorcontrib><title>Cannabis Use and Age‐Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men</title><title>Brain and behavior</title><addtitle>Brain Behav</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT
Introduction
Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short‐term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited number of studies have explored the association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife.
Methods
The study population consisted of 5162 men who had participated in Danish follow‐up studies on cognitive aging. These studies included scores on the military intelligence test Børge Prien's Prøve from both the conscription assessment (mean age = 20 years; p1 and p99: 18 and 26 years) and from the follow‐up (mean age = 64 years; p1 and p99: 55 and 72 years) as well as extensive data on lifestyle and health from the follow‐up questionnaires. The association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline was investigated in linear regression models.
Results
Men with a history of cannabis use had less cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife compared to men without a history of cannabis use. Among cannabis users, neither age of initiation of cannabis use nor frequent use was significantly associated with a greater age‐related cognitive decline.
Discussion and Conclusions
In a sample of more than 5000 men followed for a mean of 44 years, we found no significant harmful effects of cannabis use on age‐related cognitive decline.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aging - physiology</subject><subject>cannabis</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognition - drug effects</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cognitive Aging - physiology</subject><subject>cognitive decline</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology</subject><subject>cognitive function</subject><subject>cohort study</subject><subject>Denmark - epidemiology</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intelligence tests</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Marijuana</subject><subject>Marijuana Use - adverse effects</subject><subject>Marijuana Use - epidemiology</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><issn>2162-3279</issn><issn>2162-3279</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kt1qFDEYhgdRbKk98QIk4IkIW_OfmSPZjl0tbBGKPQ6Z5JvdLLNJTWYqe-Yl9Bp7Jc52amk9MCcJyfM9vIS3KN4SfEIwpp-a1LAThQmTL4pDSiSdMaqql0_OB8Vxzhs8LkE45fh1ccAqgUsu1WHR1yYE0_iMrjIgExyar-Du9-0ldKYHh-q1CSvIyAdUx1Xwvb8BtBiC7X0MaJHiFp2Z1O3Q3A1dv47RoT6i5TiLLrzrfAv7UTFmQV9M8HmNLiC8KV61pstw_LAfFVeLsx_1t9ny-9fzer6cWY65nFEFWFhJWxBVU7VSicpiI4CItmokEY5I19CWApcUMC0lp7YklFdKWgGuZUfF-eR10Wz0dfJbk3Y6Gq_vL2JaaZN6bzvQRjJLnTMGlyUXlhllwCpVlcpW0lo-uj5Pruuh2YKzEPpkumfS5y_Br_Uq3mhCBCelUKPhw4MhxZ8D5F5vfbbQdSZAHLJmhJaMlBXfo-__QTdxSGH8q5FiTArJiRipjxNlU8w5QfuYhmC9L4fel0Pfl2OE3z3N_4j-rcIIkAn45TvY_UelTy9P2ST9Ayzgwqg</recordid><startdate>202411</startdate><enddate>202411</enddate><creator>Høeg, Kirstine Maarup</creator><creator>Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck</creator><creator>Grønkjær, Marie</creator><creator>Osler, Merete</creator><creator>Mortensen, Erik Lykke</creator><creator>Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine</creator><creator>Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2358-2908</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9729-708X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-220X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202411</creationdate><title>Cannabis Use and Age‐Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men</title><author>Høeg, Kirstine Maarup ; Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck ; Grønkjær, Marie ; Osler, Merete ; Mortensen, Erik Lykke ; Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine ; Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4046-27e05c62fe59b9f6759c0a5e15f9b615d16db2f2e462e028642c8124976c5edf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aging - physiology</topic><topic>cannabis</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognition - drug effects</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cognitive Aging - physiology</topic><topic>cognitive decline</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology</topic><topic>cognitive function</topic><topic>cohort study</topic><topic>Denmark - epidemiology</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intelligence tests</topic><topic>Longitudinal studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Marijuana</topic><topic>Marijuana Use - adverse effects</topic><topic>Marijuana Use - epidemiology</topic><topic>Middle age</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><topic>Young adults</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Høeg, Kirstine Maarup</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grønkjær, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osler, Merete</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortensen, Erik Lykke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>ProQuest research library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Brain and behavior</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Høeg, Kirstine Maarup</au><au>Frodegaard, Rasmus Ljungbeck</au><au>Grønkjær, Marie</au><au>Osler, Merete</au><au>Mortensen, Erik Lykke</au><au>Flensborg‐Madsen, Trine</au><au>Okholm, Gunhild Tidemann</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cannabis Use and Age‐Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men</atitle><jtitle>Brain and behavior</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Behav</addtitle><date>2024-11</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e70136</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e70136-n/a</pages><issn>2162-3279</issn><eissn>2162-3279</eissn><abstract>ABSTRACT
Introduction
Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short‐term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited number of studies have explored the association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife.
Methods
The study population consisted of 5162 men who had participated in Danish follow‐up studies on cognitive aging. These studies included scores on the military intelligence test Børge Prien's Prøve from both the conscription assessment (mean age = 20 years; p1 and p99: 18 and 26 years) and from the follow‐up (mean age = 64 years; p1 and p99: 55 and 72 years) as well as extensive data on lifestyle and health from the follow‐up questionnaires. The association between cannabis use and age‐related cognitive decline was investigated in linear regression models.
Results
Men with a history of cannabis use had less cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife compared to men without a history of cannabis use. Among cannabis users, neither age of initiation of cannabis use nor frequent use was significantly associated with a greater age‐related cognitive decline.
Discussion and Conclusions
In a sample of more than 5000 men followed for a mean of 44 years, we found no significant harmful effects of cannabis use on age‐related cognitive decline.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>39508467</pmid><doi>10.1002/brb3.70136</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2358-2908</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9729-708X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-220X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aging - physiology cannabis Cognition & reasoning Cognition - drug effects Cognitive ability Cognitive Aging - physiology cognitive decline Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology cognitive function cohort study Denmark - epidemiology Drugs Follow-Up Studies Humans Intelligence tests Longitudinal studies Male Marijuana Marijuana Use - adverse effects Marijuana Use - epidemiology Middle age Middle Aged Morbidity Original Public health Young Adult Young adults |
| title | Cannabis Use and Age‐Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men |
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