Enhancing orthodontic treatment control with fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: Insights from an animal model study

• Published in: The Saudi dental journal 2024-08, Vol.36 (8), p.1128-1134
• Main Authors: Mohammed-Salih, Harraa S., Ghazi, Ataa, Mahmood, Rana I., Al‐Qazzaz, Haider H., Supian, Faridah Lisa, Al-Obaidi, Jameel R., Jabir, Majid
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biowaste utilisation; Dental biomaterials; Original; Tooth movement
• ISSN: 1013-9052; 1658-3558
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.007

•Injection of FsHA-NPs derived from fish scale biowaste reduced orthodontic tooth movement.•The width of the periodontal ligament decreased in mesio-cervical and disto-apical regions.•FsHA-NPs are promising, safe, and economical for local injection, controlling tooth movement.•A clinical study is necessary to evaluate the long-term impacts and efficiency of FsHA-NPs. This study investigates the impact of injected fish-scale-derived hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (FsHA-NPs) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and the width of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space. Twenty-six Wistar rats underwent mesial orthodontic traction with a force of 50 g for 21 days. Following the application of the orthodontic appliance, the rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group, which received a 0.3 µg saline injection, and the experimental FsHA group, which received 100 mg/0.3 ml of FsHA-NPs after thorough characterisation. Injections were administered immediately after appliance application and repeated at 7 and 14 days. Statistical analysis was conducted with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. The experimental group exhibited a significant reduction in OTM at 7-, 14-, and 21-day post-force application. Additionally, a reduction in PDL width was observed in the mesiocervical and disto-apical regions of the mesial and distal roots of the first molar. FsHA-NPs derived from biowaste fish scales exhibit promising potential as biomaterials for enhancing control over OTM. This study underscores the viability, accessibility, and safety of FsHA-NPs as a locally injectable material for orthodontic applications.