The role of environmental factors to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in more than 250 countries has become a serious threat to the health of people around the world. Human-to-human transmission of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs most often when people are in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:AMB Express 2020-05, Vol.10 (1), p.92-8, Article 92
Main Authors: Eslami, Hadi, Jalili, Mahrokh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air temperature
Arthropods
Bioaerosols
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Coronaviridae
Coronavirus
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Disease resistance
Disease transmission
Drinking water
Environmental factors
Food
Food packaging
Handlers
Inanimate surfaces
Insects
Life Sciences
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
Mini-Review
Ophthalmology
Respiratory diseases
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sewage
Signs and symptoms
Surface stability
Viral diseases
Viruses
Wind speed
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Summary:The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in more than 250 countries has become a serious threat to the health of people around the world. Human-to-human transmission of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs most often when people are in the incubation stage of the disease or are carriers and have no symptoms. Therefore, in this study, was discussed the role of environmental factors and conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed as well as food, water and sewage, air, insects, inanimate surfaces, and hands in COVID-19 transmission. The results of studies on the stability of the SARS-CoV-2 on different levels showed that the resistance of this virus on smooth surfaces was higher than others. Temperature increase and sunlight can facilitate the destruction of SARS-COV-2 and the stability of it on surfaces. When the minimum ambient air temperature increases by 1 °C, the cumulative number of cases decreases by 0.86%. According to the latest evidence, the presence of coronavirus in the sewer has been confirmed, but there is no evidence that it is transmitted through sewage or contaminated drinking water. Also, SARS-COV-2 transmission through food, food packages, and food handlers has not been identified as a risk factor for the disease. According to the latest studies, the possibility of transmitting SARS-COV-2 bioaerosol through the air has been reported in the internal environment of ophthalmology. The results additionally show that infectious bio-aerosols can move up to 6 feet. There have been no reports of SARS-COV-2 transmission by blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes.
ISSN:2191-0855
2191-0855
DOI:10.1186/s13568-020-01028-0