Demographic, clinical and genetic factors associated with COVID-19 disease susceptibility and mortality in a Kurdish population

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating pandemic that causes disease with a variability in susceptibility and mortality based on variants of various clinical and demographic factors, including particular genes among populations. Determine associations of demographic, clinical, laborator...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of Saudi medicine 2023-05, Vol.43 (3), p.125-142
Main Authors: Smail, Shukur Wasman, Babaei, Esmaeil, Amin, Kawa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACE2
and IFN-γ genes
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - genetics
Case-Control Studies
COVID-19
COVID-19 - genetics
Demography
Genetic Markers
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genotype
Humans
Interferon-gamma - genetics
Original
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Prospective Studies
single nucleotide polymorphisms
TMPRSS2
TNF-α
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics
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Summary:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating pandemic that causes disease with a variability in susceptibility and mortality based on variants of various clinical and demographic factors, including particular genes among populations. Determine associations of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the -α, and -γ genes to the incidence of infection and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Prospective cohort study SETTINGS: Various cities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. This prospective cohort study compared laboratory markers (D-dimer, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], C-reactive protein [CRP], lymphocyte and neutrophil counts) between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. DNA was extracted from blood, and genotypes were done by Sanger sequencing. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the -α, and -γ genes and demographic characteristics and laboratory markers for predicting mortality in COVID-19. 203 (153 COVID-19 patients, 50 health control subjects). Forty-eight (31.4%) of the COVID-19 patients died. Age over 40 and comorbidities were risk factors for mortality, but the strongest associations were with serum IFN-γ, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum TNF-α. The AA genotype and A allele of rs2070788 decreased while the GA genotype and A allele of -α increased susceptibility to COVID-19. Patients with the GA genotype of TNF-α rs1800629 had shorter survival times (9.9 days) than those carrying the GG genotype (18.3 days) (
ISSN:0256-4947
0975-4466
0975-4466
DOI:10.5144/0256-4947.2023.125