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The impact of drip irrigation and phosphorus fertilizer on enhancing dimorphic seed production of Lespedeza potaninii in Northwest China

Water shortage and poor soil fertility are two main limiting factors for crop production in semiarid region. We evaluated the effect of five irrigation times (0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times with 50 mm per time) and four phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) on chasmogamous (CH) and cleistoga...

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Published in:Agricultural water management 2024-06, Vol.299, p.108900, Article 108900
Main Authors: Chen, Lijun, Liu, Jingze, Guo, Fukang, Jing, Song, Chu, Boyu, Qu, Yuncan, Li, Wen, Zhang, Jiyu
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Liu, Jingze
Guo, Fukang
Jing, Song
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Qu, Yuncan
Li, Wen
Zhang, Jiyu
description Water shortage and poor soil fertility are two main limiting factors for crop production in semiarid region. We evaluated the effect of five irrigation times (0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times with 50 mm per time) and four phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) on chasmogamous (CH) and cleistogamous (CL) part of Lespedeza potaninii on seed yield, total seed yield, seed yield components and agronomic traits from the year 2022 to 2023. The CH and CL seed yield, total seed yield of L. potaninii was significantly (p
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We evaluated the effect of five irrigation times (0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times with 50 mm per time) and four phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) on chasmogamous (CH) and cleistogamous (CL) part of Lespedeza potaninii on seed yield, total seed yield, seed yield components and agronomic traits from the year 2022 to 2023. The CH and CL seed yield, total seed yield of L. potaninii was significantly (p&lt;0.001) affected by the year, irrigation, phosphorus fertilizer, and irrigation×phosphorus. The maximum average total seed yield over 2 years (1,126 kg/ha) occurred at the 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha phosphorus fertilizer rate (P). The CL seed yield exceeded the CH seed yield under the no irrigation and I2. Conversely, the CH seed yield was higher than the CL seed yield under the I3, I4, and I5 treatments. All the seed yield components were significantly (p&lt;0.01) correlated with CH and CL seed yield. Correlation and structural equation model analyses were used to determine the contribution of yield components to seed yield. Increasing irrigation times and fertilization indirectly boosted CH and CL seed yield by raising the number of CH and CL racemes per stem, respectively. We found that the maximum water use efficiency was achieved with 4 times irrigation (200 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. At each irrigation level, the partial phosphorus fertilizer productivity at 60 kg/ha P was significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher than that at other phosphorus application levels. Economic analysis showed that a considerable net profit was achieved after 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. Our findings enable further understanding of the mechanism of dimorphic seed yield response to irrigation and P in L. potaninii and provide a reference for appropriate agronomic measures to improve its dimorphic seed yield. •Improving L. potaninii seed yield can be obtained by optimum irrigation times and phosphate fertilization.•CH and CL seed yields respond to different irrigation times.•Increasing irrigation times and fertilization increased CH and CL racemes/stem per plant.•Increasing L. potaninii seed yield can promote its application in ecological environment improvement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-3774</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108900</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>CH seed yield ; CL seed yield ; cleistogamy ; economic analysis ; fertilizer rates ; Irrigation ; irrigation rates ; Lespedeza ; Lespedeza potaninii ; microirrigation ; phosphorus ; Phosphorus fertilizer ; phosphorus fertilizers ; seed yield ; semiarid zones ; soil fertility ; structural equation modeling ; water shortages ; water use efficiency ; Yield components</subject><ispartof>Agricultural water management, 2024-06, Vol.299, p.108900, Article 108900</ispartof><rights>2024 The Authors</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c327t-820ca98d282e53e7ad98c3653757bb0577b815f3c3e5a99c147b683893db10de3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3642-373X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742400235X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45759</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chen, Lijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jingze</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Fukang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jing, Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu, Boyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qu, Yuncan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Wen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jiyu</creatorcontrib><title>The impact of drip irrigation and phosphorus fertilizer on enhancing dimorphic seed production of Lespedeza potaninii in Northwest China</title><title>Agricultural water management</title><description>Water shortage and poor soil fertility are two main limiting factors for crop production in semiarid region. We evaluated the effect of five irrigation times (0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times with 50 mm per time) and four phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) on chasmogamous (CH) and cleistogamous (CL) part of Lespedeza potaninii on seed yield, total seed yield, seed yield components and agronomic traits from the year 2022 to 2023. The CH and CL seed yield, total seed yield of L. potaninii was significantly (p&lt;0.001) affected by the year, irrigation, phosphorus fertilizer, and irrigation×phosphorus. The maximum average total seed yield over 2 years (1,126 kg/ha) occurred at the 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha phosphorus fertilizer rate (P). The CL seed yield exceeded the CH seed yield under the no irrigation and I2. Conversely, the CH seed yield was higher than the CL seed yield under the I3, I4, and I5 treatments. All the seed yield components were significantly (p&lt;0.01) correlated with CH and CL seed yield. Correlation and structural equation model analyses were used to determine the contribution of yield components to seed yield. Increasing irrigation times and fertilization indirectly boosted CH and CL seed yield by raising the number of CH and CL racemes per stem, respectively. We found that the maximum water use efficiency was achieved with 4 times irrigation (200 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. At each irrigation level, the partial phosphorus fertilizer productivity at 60 kg/ha P was significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher than that at other phosphorus application levels. Economic analysis showed that a considerable net profit was achieved after 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. 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We evaluated the effect of five irrigation times (0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times with 50 mm per time) and four phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) on chasmogamous (CH) and cleistogamous (CL) part of Lespedeza potaninii on seed yield, total seed yield, seed yield components and agronomic traits from the year 2022 to 2023. The CH and CL seed yield, total seed yield of L. potaninii was significantly (p&lt;0.001) affected by the year, irrigation, phosphorus fertilizer, and irrigation×phosphorus. The maximum average total seed yield over 2 years (1,126 kg/ha) occurred at the 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha phosphorus fertilizer rate (P). The CL seed yield exceeded the CH seed yield under the no irrigation and I2. Conversely, the CH seed yield was higher than the CL seed yield under the I3, I4, and I5 treatments. All the seed yield components were significantly (p&lt;0.01) correlated with CH and CL seed yield. Correlation and structural equation model analyses were used to determine the contribution of yield components to seed yield. Increasing irrigation times and fertilization indirectly boosted CH and CL seed yield by raising the number of CH and CL racemes per stem, respectively. We found that the maximum water use efficiency was achieved with 4 times irrigation (200 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. At each irrigation level, the partial phosphorus fertilizer productivity at 60 kg/ha P was significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher than that at other phosphorus application levels. Economic analysis showed that a considerable net profit was achieved after 5 times irrigation (250 mm) and 90 kg/ha P. Our findings enable further understanding of the mechanism of dimorphic seed yield response to irrigation and P in L. potaninii and provide a reference for appropriate agronomic measures to improve its dimorphic seed yield. •Improving L. potaninii seed yield can be obtained by optimum irrigation times and phosphate fertilization.•CH and CL seed yields respond to different irrigation times.•Increasing irrigation times and fertilization increased CH and CL racemes/stem per plant.•Increasing L. potaninii seed yield can promote its application in ecological environment improvement.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108900</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3642-373X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects CH seed yield
CL seed yield
cleistogamy
economic analysis
fertilizer rates
Irrigation
irrigation rates
Lespedeza
Lespedeza potaninii
microirrigation
phosphorus
Phosphorus fertilizer
phosphorus fertilizers
seed yield
semiarid zones
soil fertility
structural equation modeling
water shortages
water use efficiency
Yield components
title The impact of drip irrigation and phosphorus fertilizer on enhancing dimorphic seed production of Lespedeza potaninii in Northwest China
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