Biodeterioration of Glass-Based Historical Building Materials: An Overview of the Heritage Literature from the 21st Century

The main goal of this work was to review the 21st century literature (2000 to 2021) regarding the biological colonisation and biodeterioration of glass-based historical building materials, particularly stained glass and glazed tiles. One of the main objectives of this work was to list and systematiz...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2021-10, Vol.11 (20), p.9552
Main Authors: Macedo, Maria Filomena, Vilarigues, Márcia Gomes, Coutinho, Mathilda L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
21st century
Algae
Bacteria
Biodeterioration
Biodiversity
Biofilms
Building materials
Case studies
Colonization
Construction materials
Cultural heritage
Cyanobacteria
Deterioration
Experiments
Fungi
glazed tiles
Historic preservation
Historical buildings
Laboratories
laboratory experiments
Literature reviews
Microorganisms
Raw materials
Silica
Stained glass
Tiles
Windows (computer programs)
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Summary:The main goal of this work was to review the 21st century literature (2000 to 2021) regarding the biological colonisation and biodeterioration of glass-based historical building materials, particularly stained glass and glazed tiles. One of the main objectives of this work was to list and systematize the glass-colonising microorganisms identified on stained glass and glazed tiles. Biodiversity data indicate that fungi and bacteria are the main colonisers of stained-glass windows. Glazed tiles are mainly colonised by microalgae and cyanobacteria. Several studies have identified microorganisms on stained glass, but fewer studies have been published concerning glazed tiles. The analysis of colonised samples is a vital mechanism to understand biodeterioration, particularly for identifying the colonising organisms and deterioration patterns on real samples. However, the complexity of the analysis of materials with high biodiversity makes it very hard to determine which microorganism is responsible for the biodeteriogenic action. The authors compared deterioration patterns described in case studies with laboratory-based colonisation experiments, showing that many deterioration patterns and corrosion products are similar. A working group should develop guidelines or standards for laboratory experiments on fungi, bacteria, cyanobacteria, and algae on stained glass and glazed tiles.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11209552