The ngEHT Analysis Challenges

The next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) will be a significant enhancement of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array, with ∼10 new antennas and instrumental upgrades of existing antennas. The increased uv-coverage, sensitivity, and frequency coverage allow a wide range of new science opp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Galaxies 2023-01, Vol.11 (1), p.12
Main Authors: Roelofs, Freek, Blackburn, Lindy, Lindahl, Greg, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Johnson, Michael D., Arras, Philipp, Chatterjee, Koushik, Emami, Razieh, Fromm, Christian, Fuentes, Antonio, Knollmüller, Jakob, Kosogorov, Nikita, Müller, Hendrik, Patel, Nimesh, Raymond, Alexander, Tiede, Paul, Traianou, Efthalia, Vega, Justin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
active galactic nuclei
Algorithms
Antenna arrays
Antennas
Astronomical research
Black holes
Calibration
Datasets
Dynamic models
Elliptical galaxies
Event horizon
Image reconstruction
imaging
instrument design
Motion pictures
Parameter estimation
Radio astronomy
Science
Simulation
Telescopes
very long baseline interferometry
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Summary:The next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) will be a significant enhancement of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array, with ∼10 new antennas and instrumental upgrades of existing antennas. The increased uv-coverage, sensitivity, and frequency coverage allow a wide range of new science opportunities to be explored. The ngEHT Analysis Challenges have been launched to inform the development of the ngEHT array design, science objectives, and analysis pathways. For each challenge, synthetic EHT and ngEHT datasets are generated from theoretical source models and released to the challenge participants, who analyze the datasets using image reconstruction and other methods. The submitted analysis results are evaluated with quantitative metrics. In this work, we report on the first two ngEHT Analysis Challenges. These have focused on static and dynamical models of M87* and Sgr A* and shown that high-quality movies of the extended jet structure of M87* and near-horizon hourly timescale variability of Sgr A* can be reconstructed by the reference ngEHT array in realistic observing conditions using current analysis algorithms. We identify areas where there is still room for improvement of these algorithms and analysis strategies. Other science cases and arrays will be explored in future challenges.
ISSN:2075-4434
2075-4434
DOI:10.3390/galaxies11010012