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Mycorrhizal effectiveness on physic nut as influenced by phosphate fertilization levels

In recent years, physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) has attracted attention because of its potential for biofuel production. Although it is adapted to low-fertility soils, physic nut requires soil acidity corrections and addition of a considerable amount of fertilizer for high productivity. The objecti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 2012-02, Vol.36 (1), p.23-32
Main Authors: Balota, Elcio Liborio, Machineski, Oswaldo, Scherer, Alexandra
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:In recent years, physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) has attracted attention because of its potential for biofuel production. Although it is adapted to low-fertility soils, physic nut requires soil acidity corrections and addition of a considerable amount of fertilizer for high productivity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (control without AMF inoculation, Gigaspora margarita inoculation or Glomus clarum inoculation) on increasing growth and yield of physic nut seedlings under different rates of P fertilization (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 P soil) in greenhouse. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized, block in a factorial scheme design with four replications. The physic nut plants were harvested 180 days after the beginning of the experiment. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased physic nut growth, plant P concentration and root P uptake efficiency at low soil P concentrations. The P use quotient of the plants decreased as the amount of P applied increased, and the P use efficiency index increased at low P levels and decreased at high P levels. Mycorrhizal root colonization and AMF sporulation were negatively affected by P addition. The highest mycorrhizal efficiency was observed when the soil contained between 7.8 and 25 mgkg-1 of P. The physic nut plants responded strongly to P application, independent of mycorrhizal inoculation. Nos últimos anos, a cultura do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) tem despertado grande interesse pelo seu alto potencial na produção de matéria prima para a produção de biocombustíveis. Apesar de sua adaptabilidade às condições de baixa fertilidade do solo, as plantas requerem a correção da acidez do solo e a adição de considerável quantidade de fertilizantes para alta produção de frutos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a efetividade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em mudas de pinhão-manso em diferentes doses de P no solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando solo arenoso (LVd) autoclavado como substrato em vasos com capacidade de 4 kg. Foram avaliados em um delineamento completamente casualizado - em um esquema fatorial, com quatro repetições - os tratamentos de fungos micorrízicos (controle, Gigaspora margarita ou Glomus clarum) e a adição de P (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg kg-1 de solo). O experimento foi conduzido por 180 dias. A inoculação micorrízica proporcionou aumento no crescimento das plantas, nos
ISSN:0100-0683
1806-9657
0100-0683
DOI:10.1590/S0100-06832012000100003