Oral microbiota and their antibiotic susceptibility in free-living monkeys in Goiás State, Brazil: Repercussions for injuries in humans

• Published in: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2019-01, Vol.52, p.e20180294-e20180294
• Main Authors: Sobreira, Elisângela de Albuquerque, Braga, Carla Afonso da Silva Bitencout, Rahal, Sheila Canavese, Ribeiro, Evandro Leão, Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão, Carneiro, Lilian Carla, Teixeira, Carlos Roberto, Almeida, Camila Contin Diniz de, Haddad Júnior, Vidal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibiotic; Bacterial infections; Bites and stings; Bites and Stings - microbiology; Brazil; Capuchin monkey; Cebus - microbiology; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiota - drug effects; Mouth - drug effects; Mouth - microbiology; Sapajus libidinosus; TROPICAL MEDICINE
• ISSN: 0037-8682; 1678-9849; 1678-9849
• DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0294-2018

Goiás State, which is in the midwest region of Brazil, has several urban forests. This fact, along with the expansion of urban areas within the limits of Forest Conservation Units, increases the contact between humans and wildlife, such as capuchin monkeys. The impulsive behavior of these animals and the scarcity of food cause them to vigorously search for food, leading to direct encounters with Park visitors, which can result in scratches and bites and making them potential disseminators of pathogenic microorganisms. Ten specimens of bearded capuchin monkey (Sapajus libidinosus) were captured at the Onofre Quinan Environmental Park in Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil. Samples were collected from the monkeys, and the bacteria and fungi present in the samples were isolated and identified. Then, the identified microorganisms were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. A total of 111 bacteria and 12 fungi were isolated, including two strict anaerobic bacteria of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 109 facultative anaerobic bacteria, and 12 yeasts. Among the facultative bacteria, enterobacteria and Staphylococcus were common. Resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin antibiotics was detected in the enterobacteria, and resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin was detected in the Staphylococci. The other strains were sensitive to all tested antimicrobials. Cefoxitin showed 100% efficacy in all isolated bacteria. For bites from capuchin monkeys, we recommend performing complete hygiene and antibiotic therapy, according to medical recommendations. Given the 100% effectiveness of cefoxitin, it should be considered for this type of injury, especially in the study region.