Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Cisplatin Toxicity: A Review of the Literature

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a membrane-permeable cysteine precursor capable of enhancing the intracellular cysteine pool, enhancing cellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and thus potentiating the endogenous antioxidant mechanism. Late administration of NAC after cisplatin has been shown in different i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biologics 2024-01, Vol.18, p.7-19
Main Authors: Zavala-Valencia, Angeles Citlali, Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana, Martínez-Avalos, Armando, Castillejos-López, Manuel, Torres-Espíndola, Luz-María
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcysteine
Amino acids
antioxidant
Antioxidants
Cancer
chemo protectant
Chemotherapy
Cisplatin
Complications and side effects
Enzymes
oxidative stress
Prevention
toxicity
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Summary:N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a membrane-permeable cysteine precursor capable of enhancing the intracellular cysteine pool, enhancing cellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and thus potentiating the endogenous antioxidant mechanism. Late administration of NAC after cisplatin has been shown in different in vivo studies to reduce the side effects caused by various toxicities at different levels without affecting the antitumor efficacy of platinum, improving total and enzymatic antioxidant capacity and decreasing oxidative stress markers. These characteristics provide NAC with a rationale as a potentially effective chemo protectant in cisplatin-based therapeutic cycles. NAC represents a potential candidate as a chemoprotective agent to decrease toxicities secondary to cisplatin treatment. It suggests that it could be used in clinical trials, whereby the effective dose, timing, and route should be adjusted to optimize chemoprotection. This review provides an overview of the effect of NAC on cisplatin toxicity, a drug widely used in the clinic in adults and children.
ISSN:1177-5475
1177-5491
1177-5491
DOI:10.2147/BTT.S438150