Genome-wide studies of PAL genes in sorghum and their responses to aphid infestation

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.25) plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the current knowledge about PAL proteins in sorghum is essentially lacking. Thus, in this study we aimed to analyze the PAL family genes in sorghum using a genome-wide app...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2022-12, Vol.12 (1), p.22537-22537, Article 22537
Main Authors: Pant, Shankar, Huang, Yinghua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/208
631/449
Ammonia
Animals
Aphids - physiology
Fecundity
Gene expression
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genomes
Genotype
Genotypes
Host plants
Humanities and Social Sciences
Melanaphis sacchari
multidisciplinary
Pest resistance
Pests
Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Phylogeny
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plant resistance
Population growth
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Signal transduction
Sorghum
Sorghum - genetics
Sorghum - metabolism
Sorghum bicolor
Sugarcane
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Summary:Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.25) plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the current knowledge about PAL proteins in sorghum is essentially lacking. Thus, in this study we aimed to analyze the PAL family genes in sorghum using a genome-wide approach and to explore the role of PAL genes in host plant resistance to aphids via SA-mediated defense signaling. Here, we report gene structural features of 8 PAL ( SbPAL ) genes in sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ), their phylogeny, protein motifs and promoter analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the SbPAL genes were induced by sugarcane aphid (SCA) infestation and SbPAL exhibited differential gene expression in susceptible and resistant genotypes. PAL activity assays further validated upregulated expression of the SbPAL genes in a resistant genotype. In addition, exogenous application of SA reduced plant damage and suppressed aphid population growth and fecundity in susceptible genotype, suggesting that those SbPAL genes act as positive regulator of the SA-mediated defense signaling pathway to combat aphid pests in sorghum. This study provides insights for further examination of the defense role of PAL in sorghum against other pests and pathogens.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-25214-1