Penile carcinoma: risk factors and molecular alterations

Penile carcinoma is a rare, male cancer. Although the incidence of penile carcinoma is very low in Western countries, in some countries, the incidence is significantly greater, with penile carcinoma accounting for ≤10% of all male malignancies. Greater insight has been gained in recent years as to i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:TheScientificWorld 2011-01, Vol.11, p.269-282
Main Authors: Calmon, Marilia F, Tasso Mota, Mânlio, Vassallo, José, Rahal, Paula
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Carcinoma
Carcinoma - diagnosis
Carcinoma - epidemiology
Carcinoma - etiology
Carcinoma - metabolism
Humans
Male
Molecular dynamics
Penile Neoplasms - diagnosis
Penile Neoplasms - epidemiology
Penile Neoplasms - etiology
Penile Neoplasms - metabolism
Physiological aspects
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Review
Risk Factors
Citations: Items that cite this one
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Summary:Penile carcinoma is a rare, male cancer. Although the incidence of penile carcinoma is very low in Western countries, in some countries, the incidence is significantly greater, with penile carcinoma accounting for ≤10% of all male malignancies. Greater insight has been gained in recent years as to its pathogenesis, the risk factors associated with its development, and the clinical and histological precursor lesions related to this disease. In this review, risk and conditions factors for penile carcinoma, molecular alterations in this type of cancer, histological types, and prognostic factors will be discussed in order to further our understanding of the biology and behavior of this cancer.
ISSN:1537-744X
2356-6140
1537-744X
DOI:10.1100/tsw.2011.24