Advances and Highlights of miRNAs in Asthma: Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment

Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the airways that causes breathing difficulties, episodes of cough and wheezing, and in more severe cases can greatly diminish quality of life. Epigenetic regulation, including post-transcriptional mediation of microRNAs (miRNAs), is one of the mechan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-01, Vol.24 (2), p.1628
Main Authors: Gil-Martínez, Marta, Lorente-Sorolla, Clara, Naharro, Sara, Rodrigo-Muñoz, José M, Del Pozo, Victoria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Allergies
Antibodies
Asthma
Asthma - diagnosis
Asthma - drug therapy
Asthma - genetics
Biological properties
Biomarkers
Bronchi
Bronchus
Cell proliferation
Chemokines
Cough
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
endotyping
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Genotype & phenotype
Health services
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Lymphocytes
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
miRNA
miRNAs
Pathogenesis
Phenotypes
Phenotyping
Post-transcription
Quality of Life
Review
Wheezing
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Summary:Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the airways that causes breathing difficulties, episodes of cough and wheezing, and in more severe cases can greatly diminish quality of life. Epigenetic regulation, including post-transcriptional mediation of microRNAs (miRNAs), is one of the mechanisms behind the development of the range of asthma phenotypes and endotypes. As in every other immune-mediated disease, miRNAs regulate the behavior of cells that shape the airway structure as well as those in charge of the defense mechanisms in the bronchi and lungs, controlling cell survival, growth, proliferation, and the ability of cells to synthesize and secrete chemokines and immune mediators. More importantly, miRNAs are molecules with chemical and biological properties that make them appropriate biomarkers for disease, enabling stratification of patients for optimal drug selection and thereby simplifying clinical management and reducing both the economic burden and need for critical care associated with the disease. In this review, we summarize the roles of miRNAs in asthma and describe how they regulate the mechanisms of the disease. We further describe the current state of miRNAs as biomarkers for asthma phenotyping, endotyping, and treatment selection.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms24021628