Porphyra tenera Protects against PM2.5-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function

To evaluate the biological effects of Porphyra tenera (P. tenera), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of P. tenera could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM2.5-induced cognitive decline mice. P. tenera attenuated PM2.5-induced learning and memory impairment through ant...

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Published in:Marine drugs 2022-06, Vol.20 (7), p.439
Main Authors: Park, Seon Kyeong, Kang, Jin Yong, Kim, Jong Min, Kim, Min Ji, Lee, Hyo Lim, Moon, Jong Hyun, Jeong, Hye Rin, Kim, Hyun-Jin, Chung, Min-Yu, Heo, Ho Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid production
Adenosine triphosphate
Alzheimer's disease
Amino acids
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Bioactive compounds
Biological activity
Biological effects
Chlorophyll
Chlorophylls
cognition
Cognitive ability
Cytokines
Digestive system
Dysbacteriosis
Fatty acids
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal tract
gut microbiota
Inflammation
Inflammatory response
Intestine
Kinases
Lipid peroxidation
Lipids
Memory
Microbiota
Mitochondria
Mycosporine-like amino acids
NF-κB protein
Oxidative stress
Particulate matter
Phosphorylation
Physiology
PM2.5
Porphyra
Porphyra tenera
Proteins
sulfated galactan
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:To evaluate the biological effects of Porphyra tenera (P. tenera), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of P. tenera could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM2.5-induced cognitive decline mice. P. tenera attenuated PM2.5-induced learning and memory impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the mitochondrial function and TLR-initiated NF-κB signaling. In addition, P. tenera effectively alleviated Aβ production/tau phosphorylation by inhibiting the JNK phosphorylation. Also, the bioactive constituents of P. tenera determined the sulfated galactan, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), and chlorophyll derivatives. Moreover, the bioactive compounds of P. tenera by gut fermentation protected against gut dysbiosis and intestinal tight junction damage with a decrease in inflammatory response and short-chain fatty acid production. Based on these results, our findings suggest that P. tenera with sulfated galactan and MAAs is a potential material for cognitive function improvement.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md20070439