Association between trichomoniasis and prostate and bladder diseases: a population-based case–control study

Trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections in the world. There are approximately 276 million cases worldwide. Most men remain undiagnosed and untreated because they are asymptomatic. The chronic inflammation induced by persistent infection may incre...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2022-09, Vol.12 (1), p.15358-15358, Article 15358
Main Authors: Yang, Hung-Yi, Su, Ruei-Yu, Chung, Chi-Hsiang, Huang, Kuo-Yang, Lin, Hsin-An, Wang, Jui-Yang, Chen, Chien-Chou, Chien, Wu-Chien, Lin, Hsin-Chung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Bladder cancer
Case studies
Chronic infection
Comorbidity
Health care
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hyperplasia
Medical treatment
multidisciplinary
Population studies
Population-based studies
Prostate
Prostate cancer
Public health
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sexually transmitted diseases
STD
Trichomoniasis
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Summary:Trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections in the world. There are approximately 276 million cases worldwide. Most men remain undiagnosed and untreated because they are asymptomatic. The chronic inflammation induced by persistent infection may increase the risk of developing genitourinary cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between trichomoniasis and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCa), and bladder cancer (BC) in Taiwan. We designed a case–control study by using the database of the National Health Insurance program in Taiwan. We used the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision classifications to classify all the medical conditions in the case and control groups. All odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to adjust for all comorbidities and variables. From 2000 to 2015, we enrolled a total of 62,544 individuals as the case group and 187,632 as the control group. Trichomoniasis exposure had a significant association with BPH and PCa (adjusted OR: BPH = 2.685, 95% CI = 1.233–4.286, P  = 0.013; PCa = 5.801, 95% CI = 1.296–26.035, P  = 0.016). The relative risk was much higher if patients had both trichomoniasis and depression (adjusted OR = 7.682, 95% CI = 5.730–9.451, P  
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-19561-2