Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Analysis of High- and Low-Q Free-Electron Laser Oscillators

Free-electron lasers (FELs) have been designed to operate over virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from microwaves through to X-rays, and in a variety of configurations, including amplifiers and oscillators. Oscillators can operate in both the low and high gain regime and are typically us...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2021-06, Vol.11 (11), p.4978
Main Authors: van der Slot, Peter J. M., Freund, Henry P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Deformation effects
Energy
Free electron lasers
free-electron laser
High gain
Lasers
Microwaves
oscillator
Oscillators
Radiation
regenerative amplifier
Resonators
Three dimensional analysis
Time dependent analysis
Wave fronts
Wave propagation
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Summary:Free-electron lasers (FELs) have been designed to operate over virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from microwaves through to X-rays, and in a variety of configurations, including amplifiers and oscillators. Oscillators can operate in both the low and high gain regime and are typically used to improve the spatial and temporal coherence of the light generated. We will discuss various FEL oscillators, ranging from systems with high-quality resonators combined with low-gain undulators, to systems with a low-quality resonator combined with a high-gain undulator line. The FEL gain code MINERVA and wavefront propagation code OPC are used to model the FEL interaction within the undulator and the propagation in the remainder of the oscillator, respectively. We will not only include experimental data for the various systems for comparison when available, but also present, for selected cases, how the two codes can be used to study the effect of mirror aberrations and thermal mirror deformation on FEL performance.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11114978