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Microfluidic devices for studying bacterial taxis, drug testing and biofilm formation

Summary Some bacteria have coevolved to establish symbiotic or pathogenic relationships with plants, animals or humans. With human association, the bacteria can cause a variety of diseases. Thus, understanding bacterial phenotypes at the single‐cell level is essential to develop beneficial applicati...

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Published in:Microbial biotechnology 2022-02, Vol.15 (2), p.395-414
Main Authors: Pérez‐Rodríguez, Sandra, García‐Aznar, José Manuel, Gonzalo‐Asensio, Jesús
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creator Pérez‐Rodríguez, Sandra
García‐Aznar, José Manuel
Gonzalo‐Asensio, Jesús
description Summary Some bacteria have coevolved to establish symbiotic or pathogenic relationships with plants, animals or humans. With human association, the bacteria can cause a variety of diseases. Thus, understanding bacterial phenotypes at the single‐cell level is essential to develop beneficial applications. Traditional microbiological techniques have provided great knowledge about these organisms; however, they have also shown limitations, such as difficulties in culturing some bacteria, the heterogeneity of bacterial populations or difficulties in recreating some physical or biological conditions. Microfluidics is an emerging technique that complements current biological assays. Since microfluidics works with micrometric volumes, it allows fine‐tuning control of the test conditions. Moreover, it allows the recruitment of three‐dimensional (3D) conditions, in which several processes can be integrated and gradients can be generated, thus imitating physiological 3D environments. Here, we review some key microfluidic‐based studies describing the effects of different microenvironmental conditions on bacterial response, biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance. For this aim, we present different studies classified into six groups according to the design of the microfluidic device: (i) linear channels, (ii) mixing channels, (iii) multiple floors, (iv) porous devices, (v) topographic devices and (vi) droplet microfluidics. Hence, we highlight the potential and possibilities of using microfluidic‐based technology to study bacterial phenotypes in comparison with traditional methodologies. Microfluidics is an emerging technique that can complements current biological assays. Here, we review some key microfluidic‐based studies describing the effects of different microenvironmental conditions on bacterial phenotypes. We also highlight the potential and possibilities of using microfluidic‐based technology to study bacterial phenotypes in comparison with traditional methodologies.
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subjects Antimicrobial resistance
Approximation
Bacteria
Biofilms
Channels
Heterogeneity
Infectious diseases
Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
Microbiota
Microfluidic devices
Microfluidics
Microfluidics - methods
Microorganisms
Microscopy
Minireview
Pathogens
Phenotypes
Physiology
Topography
title Microfluidic devices for studying bacterial taxis, drug testing and biofilm formation
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