Anti-leishmanial activity of Avicennia marina (Avicenniaceae family) leaves hydroalcoholic extract and its possible cellular mechanisms

Natural products are the main source of potent antioxidants and anti-leishmanial agents. This study was aimed to evaluate Avicennia marina (Avicenniaceae family) extract inhibitory effect against Leishmania tropica by accessing apoptotic markers and arginase activity. The A. marina were extracted an...

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Published in:Parasite epidemiology and control 2022-05, Vol.17, p.e00239-e00239, Article e00239
Main Authors: Rashno, Zahra, Sharifi, Iraj, Oliaee, Razieh Tavakoli, Tajbakhsh, Saeed, Sharififar, Fariba, Sharifi, Fatemeh, Hatami, Abbas, Faridi, Ashkan, Babaei, Zahra
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Arginase activity
Avicennia marina
Leishmania tropica
MTT
Original Research article
ROS
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creator Rashno, Zahra
Sharifi, Iraj
Oliaee, Razieh Tavakoli
Tajbakhsh, Saeed
Sharififar, Fariba
Sharifi, Fatemeh
Hatami, Abbas
Faridi, Ashkan
Babaei, Zahra
description Natural products are the main source of potent antioxidants and anti-leishmanial agents. This study was aimed to evaluate Avicennia marina (Avicenniaceae family) extract inhibitory effect against Leishmania tropica by accessing apoptotic markers and arginase activity. The A. marina were extracted and phytochemical analysis conducted. The inhibitory effect of A. marina was evaluated on L. tropica promastigote and amastigote forms, compared to meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime, MA) as standard drug. The level of apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and arginase activity was assessed in A. marina-treated cells compared to control group. Phytochemical screening of A. marina extract showed strong presence of tannins and saponins. We demonstrated the inhibitory effect of A. marina on promastigote stages in a dose dependent manner. Also, lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of amastigotes was indicated in A. marina group compared with the standard group of Glucantime (60.57 ± 1.46 vs. 73.19 ± 10.12 μg/mL, respectively, P 
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Besides, A. marina represented no cytotoxicity as the selectivity index (SI) was 10.7. Also, it showed the potential to induce early apoptosis of 46.5% in promastigotes at 125μg/mL concentration. Significant reduction of arginase level was observed in both A. marina-treated cells and promastigotes. The promising results indicated higher effectiveness of A. marina in decreasing parasite growth, inducing apoptosis in promastigotes, increasing ROS production and decreasing arginase level. So, A. marina can be a native plant candidate for anti-leishmanial drug in tropical regions with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. tropica. 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subjects Arginase activity
Avicennia marina
Leishmania tropica
MTT
Original Research article
ROS
title Anti-leishmanial activity of Avicennia marina (Avicenniaceae family) leaves hydroalcoholic extract and its possible cellular mechanisms
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