3D point cloud in the evaluation of processes that generate instability of the lumbar spine

• Published in: Coluna 2015-03, Vol.14 (1), p.27-32
• Main Authors: Gallegos, José Luis González, Gómez, Tania del Socorro Vergara, Hernández, Armando García, Martínez, Ana Karen Ibarra, González, Alejandro García, Aguilar, Rita Quetziquel Fuentes, Ávila, José María Jiménez
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Balance postural; Electromiografía; Inestabilidad de la articulación; ORTHOPEDICS; Región lumbosacra; REHABILITATION
• ISSN: 1808-1851; 2177-014X; 1808-1851
• DOI: 10.1590/S1808-1851201514010R123

OBJECTIVE: To integrate patients with lumbar instability in a multisensor platform in the process of assessment and diagnosis, assigning quantitative parameters for the sagittal balance (SB) and muscle function. METHODS: Experimental study involving adult patients diagnosed with diseases that cause alterations in the SB, that were or were not submitted to surgery with posterior instrumentation and fusion. Each patient underwent anthropometric measurements in body composition scale; a kinesiological analysis using a multisensor platform consisting of depth camera to static/dynamic analysis for the quantitative measurement of SB, and surface electromyography to capture the level of abdominal and lumbar muscles activation and through flexion and extension. RESULTS: Seven adult patients: five females (62.5%)and two men (37.5%) with a mean age 48 years. Images with depth cameras resulted in a SB of from -6.4 to +5.3cm (average -5.7cm). In individuals with positive sagittal balance the percentage of activation (PA) of the abdominal muscles was 58.5% and the lower back lumbar was 75.25%; patients with negative SB integrated the PA of the abdominal muscles of 70.25% and lumbar of 65%; the patient with neutral SB exhibited activation of the abdominal muscles of 87.75% and lumbar muscles of 78.25%. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a trend towards positive SB in patients with overweight and obesity by BMI, as well as increased activation of the abdominal muscles. The multi sensor platform is a useful tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases involving sagittal imbalance. OBJETIVO: Integrar a pacientes con inestabilidad lumbar a una plataforma multisensor en su proceso de evaluación y diagnóstico, dando parámetros cuantitativos para el balance sagital (BS) y la función muscular. MÉTODOS: Estudio de tipo experimental con pacientes adultos diagnosticados con patologías que causan alteraciones en el BS, unos no operados, y otros operados con instrumentación y fusión posteriores. Cada paciente fue sometido a mediciones antropométricas en báscula de composición corporal; un análisis kinesiólogo utilizando una plataforma multisensor constituida por cámara de profundidad para el análisis estático/dinámico para la medición cuantitativa del BS, y un electromiógrafo de superficie captó el grado de activación muscular en región abdominal y lumbar, mediante movimientos de flexión y extensión. RESULTADOS: Siete pacientes adultos: cinco mujeres (62.5%), dos hombres (37.5%); media de