Study of double-using ultrasonic effects on the structure of PbO nanorods fabricated by the sonochemical method

• Published in: Ultrasonics sonochemistry 2021-11, Vol.79, p.105797, Article 105797
• Main Authors: Yazdani-Darki, Sepideh, Eslami-Kalantari, Mohammad, Zare, Hakimeh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Calcination time; Original; PbO nanorod; Re-ultrasonic effect; Sonochemical method
• ISSN: 1350-4177; 1873-2828
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105797

[Display omitted] •Lead oxide (PbO) nanorods are synthesized via the sonochemical method under re-ultrasonic effects.•Re-ultrasonic treatment is an efficient method of terminating the growth of PbO and stabilizing it.•The re-ultrasonication method can be used to reduce the size of particles without changing their initial morphology. In this study, lead oxide (PbO) nanostructures are fabricated by an ultrasound-assisted sonochemical method, and re-ultrasonic effects on them are investigated. In the synthesis process, lead nitrate powder is used as a precursor, and potassium hydroxide serves as a precipitation agent. The resulting samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Re-ultrasound is also performed to terminate the growth of the PbO nanorods, stabilize them, and preserve their morphology. According to the XRD results, the re-ultrasonic effect did not change the crystal phases, and the tetragonal and orthorhombic crystal phases were preserved. The effect of the calcination time was investigated too; an increase in it led to a decrease in the irregular nanorods size but an increase in the crystallite size.