The impact of proton pump inhibitors on brain health based on cross-sectional findings from the Rhineland Study

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-12, Vol.14 (1), p.30486-10
• Main Authors: Alaeddin, Nersi, Koch, Alexandra, Etteldorf, Rika, Stingl, Julia C., Breteler, Monique M.B., de Vries, Folgerdiena M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/308/174; 692/700/478; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain - diagnostic imaging; Brain - drug effects; Cognition - drug effects; Cognitive Dysfunction - chemically induced; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Female; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Proton Pump Inhibitors - adverse effects; Proton Pump Inhibitors - pharmacology; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); White Matter - diagnostic imaging; White Matter - drug effects
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81011-y

Reports linking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with cognition and dementia show conflicting results, with limited evidence on underlying biological mechanisms. However, existing studies did not investigate brain microstructure, which could provide valuable insights into early structural changes indicative of cognitive decline. Analyses were based on cross-sectional baseline data from the Rhineland Study ( n  = 7,465; mean age 55.3 ± 13.7 years, range 30–95 years, 56.5% women). Using multivariate linear regression, we investigated associations between PPI use and cognition and brain macro- and microstructural measures (fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) as measures of white matter integrity). Analyses were stratified by short-term (