Zinc- and Copper-Doped Mesoporous Borate Bioactive Glasses: Promising Additives for Potential Use in Skin Wound Healing Applications

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-01, Vol.24 (2), p.1304
• Main Authors: Kermani, Farzad, Nazarnezhad, Simin, Mollaei, Zahra, Mollazadeh, Sahar, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan, Alireza, Askari, Vahid Reza, Oskuee, Reza Kazemi, Moradi, Ali, Hosseini, Seyede Atefe, Azari, Zoleikha, Baino, Francesco, Kargozar, Saeid
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 13-93B3 borate bioactive glass; Additives; Algorithms; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibacterial properties; Apatite; bioactivity; Biocompatibility; Bioglass; Biological activity; Biomedical materials; Body fluids; Borates - pharmacology; Cell proliferation; Computer applications; Copper - pharmacology; Data science; Durapatite - pharmacology; Erythrocytes; Glass; Glass transition temperature; Hydroxyapatite; mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs); Mice; Mineralization; Particle size; Polyvinyl alcohol; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Scanning electron microscopy; Skin; Surface tension; Tissue engineering; Wound Healing; X-ray diffraction; Zeta potential; Zinc - pharmacology
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021304

In this study, zinc (Zn)- and copper (Cu)-doped 13-93B3 borate mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were successfully synthesized using nitrate precursors in the presence of Pluronic P123. We benefited from computational approaches for predicting and confirming the experimental findings. The changes in the dynamic surface tension (SFT) of simulated body fluid (SBF) were investigated using the Du Noüy ring method to shed light on the mineralization process of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the glass surface. The obtained MBGs were in a glassy state before incubation in SBF. The formation of an apatite-like layer on the SBF-incubated borate glasses was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of Zn and Cu into the basic composition of 13-93B3 glass led to changes in the glass transition temperature (Tg) (773 to 556 °C), particle size (373 to 64 nm), zeta potential (−12 to −26 mV), and specific surface area (SBET) (54 to 123 m2/g). Based on the K-means algorithm and chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) tree, we found that the SFT of SBF is an important factor for the prediction and confirmation of the HAp mineralization process on the glasses. Furthermore, we proposed a simple calculation, based on SFT variation, to quantify the bioactivity of MBGs. The doped and dopant-free borate MBGs could enhance the proliferation of mouse fibroblast L929 cells at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. These glasses also induced very low hemolysis (