Mechanistic Exploration of Dendrite Growth and Inhibition for Lithium Metal Batteries

Li metal has been considered an ideal anode in lithium batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh·g−1 and lowest negative reduction potential of −3.040 V among the standard hydrogen electrodes. However, lithium dendrites can easily grow on the surface of the negative electrode during...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2023-04, Vol.16 (9), p.3745
Main Authors: Chen, Yuanliang, Yuan, Xingping, He, Cuiping, Gou, Qingyi, Yang, Ni, Xie, Gang, Zhang, Keyu, Yao, Yaochun, Hou, Yanqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Anisotropy
anisotropy intensity of surface energy
Batteries
dendrite growth
Dendrites
Electrochemistry
Electrodes
Electrolytes
Energy
Energy consumption
Experimental methods
Hydrogen
initial nucleation spacing
interfacial electrochemical driving force
Interfacial energy
Li metal battery
Lithium
Lithium batteries
Mathematical models
Metals
Morphology
Nucleation
Partial differential equations
Phase transitions
phasefield model
Pollutant deposition
Research methodology
Short circuits
Surface energy
Surface properties
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Summary:Li metal has been considered an ideal anode in lithium batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh·g−1 and lowest negative reduction potential of −3.040 V among the standard hydrogen electrodes. However, lithium dendrites can easily grow on the surface of the negative electrode during charging, which results in a short circuit of the battery and reduces its efficiency. This paper investigated dendrite growth and inhibition mechanisms in lithium metal batteries to improve battery life. The impacts of the initial nucleation spacing, surface energy anisotropy strength, and interfacial electrochemical driving force on lithium dendrite growth were analyzed with electrochemical experiments and mathematical models. The results showed that the smaller nucleation spacing inhibits the growth of dendrite side branches and reduces the roughness of lithium metal deposition on the negative electrode. A lower interfacial energy anisotropy strength can slow down the growth of dendrite tips and improve the dendrite growth structure. The growth of the dendrites is influenced by the interfacial electrochemical driving force. Reducing the nucleation overpotential can effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en16093745